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Upgrading of Low-Grade Manganese Ore by Selective Reduction of Iron Oxide and Magnetic Separation

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Abstract

The utilization of low-grade manganese ores has become necessary due to the intensive mining of high-grade ores for a long time. In this study, calcined ferruginous low-grade manganese ore was selectively reduced by CO, which converted hematite to magnetite, while manganese oxide was reduced to MnO. The iron-rich component was then separated by magnetic separation. The effects of the various reduction parameters such as particle size, reduction time, temperature, and CO content on the efficiency of magnetic separation were studied by single-factor experiments and by a comprehensive full factorial experiment. Under the best experimental conditions tested, the manganese content in the ore increased from around 36 wt pct to more than 44 wt pct, and almost 50 wt pct of iron was removed at a Mn loss of around 5 pct. The results of the full factorial experiments allowed the identification of the significant effects and yielded regression equations for pct Fe removed, Mn/Fe, and pct Mn loss that characterize the efficiency of the upgrading process.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank POSCO for supplying the manganese ore and for conducting the chemical analysis of sample manganese ore. This research was supported by the Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (RIST), Pohang, Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA

    Yubo Gao (Graduate Student), M. Olivas-Martinez (Graduate Student), H. Y. Sohn (Professor) & Hang Goo Kim (Research Associate Professor, Director)

  2. Technology Research Institute, POSCO MTech, Pohang, South Korea

    Hang Goo Kim (Research Associate Professor, Director)

  3. New Materials Research Department, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea

    Chan Wook Kim (Research Manager)

Authors
  1. Yubo Gao
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  2. M. Olivas-Martinez
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  3. H. Y. Sohn
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  4. Hang Goo Kim
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  5. Chan Wook Kim
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. Y. Sohn.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted March 14, 2012.

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Gao, Y., Olivas-Martinez, M., Sohn, H.Y. et al. Upgrading of Low-Grade Manganese Ore by Selective Reduction of Iron Oxide and Magnetic Separation. Metall Mater Trans B 43, 1465–1475 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-012-9731-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-012-9731-6

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