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Transformation-Induced, Geometrically Necessary, Dislocation-Based Flow Curve Modeling of Dual-Phase Steels: Effect of Grain Size

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Abstract

The flow behavior of dual-phase (DP) steels is modeled on the finite-element method (FEM) framework on the microscale, considering the effect of the microstructure through the representative volume element (RVE) approach. Two-dimensional RVEs were created from microstructures of experimentally obtained DP steels with various ferrite grain sizes. The flow behavior of single phases was modeled through the dislocation-based work-hardening approach. The volume change during austenite-to-martensite transformation was modeled, and the resultant prestrained areas in the ferrite were considered to be the storage place of transformation-induced, geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). The flow curves of DP steels with varying ferrite grain sizes, but constant martensite fractions, were obtained from the literature. The flow curves of simulations that take into account the GND are in better agreement with those of experimental flow curves compared with those of predictions without consideration of the GND. The experimental results obeyed the Hall-Petch relationship between yield stress and flow stress and the simulations predicted this as well.

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Acknowledgments

This research was carried out under project number MC2.07293 in the framework of the Research Program of the Materials Innovation Institute M2i (www.m2i.nl). The authors also wish to thank Dr. Marion Calcagnotto from Salzgitter Mannesmann Forschung GmbH for her tensile test data files and discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ferrous Metallurgy, RWTH Aachen University, D-52072, Aachen, Germany

    Ali Ramazani (Doctoral Candidate and Project Engineer), Krishnendu Mukherjee (Postdoc Researcher), Ulrich Prahl (Head of Material Simulation Group) & Wolfgang Bleck (Professor)

  2. Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA

    Krishnendu Mukherjee (Postdoc Researcher)

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  1. Ali Ramazani
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  2. Krishnendu Mukherjee
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  3. Ulrich Prahl
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  4. Wolfgang Bleck
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Correspondence to Ali Ramazani.

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Manuscript submitted August 5, 2011.

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Ramazani, A., Mukherjee, K., Prahl, U. et al. Transformation-Induced, Geometrically Necessary, Dislocation-Based Flow Curve Modeling of Dual-Phase Steels: Effect of Grain Size. Metall Mater Trans A 43, 3850–3869 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1196-3

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