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Surface Plasmon Polariton Band Gap-Enabled Plasmonic Mach–Zehnder Interferometer: Design, Analysis, and Application

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Abstract

In this paper, we propose a design for surface plasmon polariton band gap (SPPBG)-enabled plasmonic Mach–Zehnder interferometer (PMZI) comprising of array of silver nanorods embedded upright into silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate and analyze its potential in sensing, intended for cancer therapy. Periodic arrangement of nanorods embedded into SOI substrate grants strong spatial confinement and assist waveguidance to the propagating plasmon mode due to the SPPBG effect. This arrayed system triggers local field enhancement promoting sensing proficiency of the device and is assessed in terms of wavelength and phase shift. Proposed design of SPPBG-enabled PMZI sensor is successfully employed for detection and classification of various cancerous cells. The structural parameters of PMZI are optimized in compliance with the plasmonic band gap in the range of 400–800 nm yielding exceptionally high sensitivity at input wavelength of 633 nm. Volumetric analysis of the analyte reveals that very small analyte volume of the order of 10−15 cc is sufficient to yield significant phase shift. Phase shift obtained for the breast adenocarcinoma and blood cancer cell lines are 1.2357radian and 0.3351radian, respectively, which read very high value of phase shifts to identify extremely small changes in refractive index of the analyte. Figure of merit calculated thereby expose impressive device performance outdoing preceding plasmonic sensors leading to validation of proposed ultra-compact-sensitive PMZI design.

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Acknowledgments

The authors greatly acknowledge the initiative and support towards establishment of “TIFAC-Center of Relevance and Excellence in Fiber Optics and Optical Communication at Delhi College of Engineering now Delhi Technological University, Delhi, through Mission Reach Program of Technology Vision 2020, Government of India. Also, we would like to extend our acknowledgement to Dr Anurag Mehta and Mr Sujeet Nath Sinha of Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center for allowing us to use their resources and carry out the research work in regard of cancer cell lines.

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  1. TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Fiber Optics and Optical Communication, Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University (Formerly: Delhi College of Engineering), Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India

    Venus Dillu & R. K. Sinha

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  1. Venus Dillu
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  2. R. K. Sinha
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Correspondence to R. K. Sinha.

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Dillu, V., Sinha, R.K. Surface Plasmon Polariton Band Gap-Enabled Plasmonic Mach–Zehnder Interferometer: Design, Analysis, and Application. Plasmonics 9, 527–535 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-013-9652-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-013-9652-5

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