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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with hyper-encoding

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Abstract

Measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocols are immune to all possible attacks on the photon detectors during quantum communication, but their key generation rates are low compared with those of other QKD schemes. Increasing each individual photon’s channel capacity is an efficient way to increase the key generation rate, and high-dimensional (HD) encoding is a powerful tool for increasing the channel capacity of photons. In this paper, we propose an HD MDI-QKD protocol with qudits hyper-encoded in spatial mode and polarization degrees of freedom (DOFs). In the proposed protocol, keys can be generated using the spatial mode and polarization DOFs simultaneously. The proposed protocol is unconditionally secure, even for weak coherent pulses with decoy states. The proposed MDI-QKD protocol may be useful for future quantum secure communication applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Schoool of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    Zheng-Xia Cui & Lan Zhou

  2. Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    Zheng-Xia Cui, Wei Zhong, Lan Zhou & Yu-Bo Sheng

  3. Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Lan Zhou & Yu-Bo Sheng

  4. Institute of Quantum Information and Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China

    Zheng-Xia Cui, Wei Zhong, Lan Zhou & Yu-Bo Sheng

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  1. Zheng-Xia Cui
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  2. Wei Zhong
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Correspondence to Lan Zhou.

Additional information

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11974189), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018M642293), the open research fund of Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Education (Grant No. JZNY201908), and a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. We thank Norbert Lütkenhaus very much for helpful discussions.

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Cui, ZX., Zhong, W., Zhou, L. et al. Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with hyper-encoding. Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 62, 110311 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-019-1438-6

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