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Toward a unified model of Altaids geodynamics: Insight from the Palaeozoic polycyclic evolution of West Junggar (NW China)

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Abstract

The Altaid tectonic collage extends over Central Asia, exposing numerous accretionary orogens that can account for the Palaeozoic continental crust growth. A pluridisciplinary approach, using geochronological, geochemical, structural and palaeomagnetic tools was carried out to unravel the architecture and the evolution of West Junggar (Northwestern China), a segment of the Altaid Collage. A polycyclic geodynamic evolution is inferred and includes: (1) an Early Palaeozoic cycle, characterized by the closure of two oceanic basins bounded by island-arc systems; (2) an Early Devonian subduction jamming resulting in a minor-scale collision documented by thrusting, syntectonic sedimentation and subsequent crutal thinning associated with alkaline magmatism; (3) a Late Palaeozoic cycle, driven by the evolution of two opposite subduction zones developed upon the Early Palaeozoic basement. Detailed structural analysis and paleomagnetic data provide constraints for the late evolution of Junggar in the frame of the development of the Late Palaeozoic Kazakh orocline, which led to oblique subduction and transpression in the West Junggar accretionary complex. Progressive buckling of the Kazakh orocline further resulted in Late Carboniferous to Permian wrench tectonics, and lateral displacement of lithotectonic units. Block rotations that continued after the Late Triassic are due to diachronous intraplate reactivation. This scenario mirrors the Palaeozoic geodynamics of the Altaid Collage. Multiple Early Palaeozoic collisions of intra-oceanic arcs and micro continents have contributed to the formation of the Kazakhstan Microcontinent. Since the Late Palaeozoic, subductions formed around this microcontinent and the final oblique closure of oceanic domains resulted in the transcurrent collage of Tarim and Siberia cratons. Palaeozoic strike-slip faults were later reactivated during Mesozoic intracontinental tectonics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR6249, Chrono-Environnement, CNRS/Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France

    Flavien Choulet

  2. UMR 7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans, BRGM/CNRS/Université d’Orléans, Orléans, France

    Michel Faure & Yan Chen

  3. Pôle Pluridisciplinaire de la Matière et de l’Environnement, Université de la Nouvelle Calédonie, Nouméa, France

    Dominique Cluzel

  4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Wei Lin

  5. Department of Earth Science, University of Nanjing, Nanjing, 210093, China

    Bo Wang

  6. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Bei Xu

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Choulet, F., Faure, M., Cluzel, D. et al. Toward a unified model of Altaids geodynamics: Insight from the Palaeozoic polycyclic evolution of West Junggar (NW China). Sci. China Earth Sci. 59, 25–57 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-015-5158-7

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