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Mikrobiota und nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung

Microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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Zusammenfassung

Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung („non-alcoholic fatty liver disease“, NAFLD) ist in den letzten 10 Jahren verstärkt in den Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit gerückt. Durch die massive Zunahme von Adipositas, metabolischem Syndrom und deren negative Auswirkungen auf die Leber nimmt die Zahl der Patienten mit Lebererkrankungen wie der NAFLD oder dem hepatozellulären Karzinom („hepatocellular carcinoma“, HCC) stetig zu. Mittlerweile leiden etwa 25 % der Bevölkerung unter einer Leberverfettung. Für die Zukunft ist es wichtig, Mittel und Wege zu finden, diesen Trend aufzuhalten bzw. umzukehren. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt neben gesunder Ernährung, Gewichtsreduktion und sportlicher Aktivität insbesondere der Darmmikrobiota, vermutlich über die Darm-Leber-Achse, eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Entstehung und Progression von Lebererkrankungen zu. In diesem Review wird auf die aktuelle Evidenz mit Relevanz für die praktizierenden Ärzte eingegangen. Hier stellen die Autoren die wichtigsten Entwicklungen aus In-vivo- und translationaler Forschung vor und gehen auf die mögliche Bedeutung für die Therapie der NAFLD ein.

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has received increased attention during the last 10 years. Due to epidemic increases of obesity, metabolic syndrome and their negative effects on the liver, the number of patients with liver diseases including NAFLD or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is steadily growing. Meanwhile, about 25% of the population suffer from fatty liver. In the future, it is crucial to identify the ways to stop and reverse this trend. In this context, in addition to the healthy diet, weight loss and physical activity especially the gut microbiota and the gut–liver axis play a key role in the development and progression of liver diseases. In this review, we provide the current scientific evidence to microbiota and NAFLD with a main focus on the relevance for practicing physicians. Here we present the most important developments from in vivo and translational research and address the potential relevance for the treatment of NAFLD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Deutschland

    A. Link,  C. Thon,  S. Sydor &  A. Canbay

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  1. A. Link
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  2. C. Thon
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  3. S. Sydor
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  4. A. Canbay
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Correspondence to A. Canbay.

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Interessenkonflikt

A. Link und A. Canbay werden von der Wilhelm-Laupitz-Stiftung gefördert. C. Thon und S. Sydor geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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A. Stallmach, Jena

S. Schreiber, Kiel

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Link, A., Thon, C., Sydor, S. et al. Mikrobiota und nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung. Gastroenterologe 14, 179–184 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-019-0348-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-019-0348-z

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