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A study of environmental pollution and risk of heavy metals in the bottom water and sediment of the Chaohu Lake, China

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Abstract

Most of the existing research for heavy metals in water at present is focusing on surface water. However, potential environmental risk of heavy metals in the bottom water of lakes cannot be ignored. In this study, the content, distribution, and speciation of nine heavy metals (As, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the bottom water and sediment of Chaohu Lake were studied. Some pollution assessment methods were used to evaluate the environmental effect of heavy metals. Positive matrix factorization was conducted to investigate the potential sources of heavy metals in sediment. The contents of heavy metals in the bottom water of Chaohu Lake mean that its environmental pollution can be ignored. In sediment, Cd and Zn have showed stronger ecological risk. pH and redox potential are more likely to affect the stability of heavy metals in the bottom water of Chaohu Lake during the dry reason. Industrial sources (16%) are no longer the largest source of heavy metal pollution; traffic sources (33.6%) and agricultural sources (23.4%) have become the main sources of pollution at present. This study can provide some support and suggestions for the treatment of heavy metals in lakes.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge editors and reviewers for polishing the language of the paper and for in-depth discussion.

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2108085QD161) and the Anhui Province postdoctoral Fund (2020A395).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China

    Qiang Chen, Lei Wu & Chuncai Zhou

  2. Anhui Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science Research, Hefei, 230061, Anhui, China

    Lei Wu

  3. CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China

    Lei Wu

  4. Chaohu Administration Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Hefei, 238000, Anhui, China

    Gang Liu & Long Yao

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  1. Qiang Chen
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Qiang Chen: conceptualization, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Lei Wu: project administration, writing—review and editing, and funding acquisition. Chuncai Zhou: visualization, writing—review and editing, and Supervision. Gang Liu: writing—review and editing and investigation. Long Yao: resources and investigation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Lei Wu.

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Chen, Q., Wu, L., Zhou, C. et al. A study of environmental pollution and risk of heavy metals in the bottom water and sediment of the Chaohu Lake, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 19658–19673 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32141-3

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