Abstract
Invasive alien pests (IAPs) pose a major threat to global agriculture and food production. When multiple IAPs coexist in the same habitat and use the same resources, the economic loss to local agricultural production increases. Many species of the Diabrotica genus, such as Diabrotica barberi, Diabrotica undecimpunctata, and Diabrotica virgifera, originating from the USA and Mexico, seriously damaged maize production in North America and Europe. However, the potential geographic distributions (PGDs) and degree of ecological niche overlap among the three Diabrotica beetles remain unclear; thus, the potential coexistence zone is unknown. Based on environmental and species occurrence data, we used an ensemble model (EM) to predict the PGDs and overlapping PGD of the three Diabrotica beetles. The n-dimensional hypervolumes concept was used to explore the degree of niche overlap among the three species. The EM showed better reliability than the individual models. According to the EM results, the PGDs and overlapping PGD of the three Diabrotica beetles were mainly distributed in North America, Europe, and Asia. Under the current scenario, D. virgifera has the largest PGD ranges (1615 × 104 km2). In the future, the PGD of this species will expand further and reach a maximum under the SSP5-8.5 scenario in the 2050s (2499 × 104 km2). Diabrotica virgifera showed the highest potential for invasion under the current and future global warming scenarios. Among the three studied species, the degree of ecological niche overlap was the highest for D. undecimpunctata and D. virgifera, with the highest similarity in the PGD patterns and maximum coexistence range. Under global warming, the PGDs of the three Diabrotica beetles are expected to expand to high latitudes. Identifying the PGDs of the three Diabrotica beetles provides an important reference for quarantine authorities in countries at risk of invasion worldwide to develop specific preventive measures against pests.
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Data availability
The datasets generated in the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Change history
08 February 2024
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32349-3
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This project was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no. 2021YFC2600400) and the Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (grant no. caascx-2022–2025-IAS).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data acquisition was performed by ZJ. Data analysis was performed by ZJ and HZ. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ZJ and HZ. Supervision was performed by XX. Previous versions of the manuscript were commented on by ML, YQ, JG, NY, ZL, and WL. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Jin, Z., Zhao, H., Xian, X. et al. Early warning and management of invasive crop pests under global warming: estimating the global geographical distribution patterns and ecological niche overlap of three Diabrotica beetles. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31, 13575–13590 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32076-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32076-9