Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) constitutes a growing threat to coastal ecosystems by altering natural light cycles, which could impair organisms’ biological rhythms, with resulting physiological and ecological consequences. Coastal ecosystems are strongly exposed to ALAN, but its effects on coastal organisms are poorly studied. Besides ALAN’s intensity, ALAN’s quality exposure may change the impacts on organisms. This study aims to characterize the effects of different ALAN’s spectral compositions (monochromatic wavelength lights in red (peak at 626 nm), green (peak at 515 nm), blue (peak at 467 nm), and white (410–680 nm) light) at low and realistic intensity (1 lx) on the oyster Crassostrea gigas daily rhythm. Results reveal that all ALAN’s treatments affect the oysters’ daily valve activity rhythm in different manners and the overall expression of the 13 studied genes. Eight of these genes are involved in the oyster’s circadian clock, 2 are clock-associated genes, and 3 are light perception genes. The blue light has the most important effects on oysters’ valve behavior and clock and clock-associated gene expression. Interestingly, red and green lights also show significant impacts on the daily rhythm, while the lowest impacts are shown with the green light. Finally, ALAN white light shows the same impact as the blue one in terms of loss of rhythmic oysters’ percentage, but the chronobiological parameters of the remaining rhythmic oysters are less disrupted than when exposed to each of the monochromatic light’s treatments alone. We conclude that ALAN’s spectral composition does influence its effect on oysters’ daily rhythm, which could give clues to limit physiological and ecological impacts on coastal environments.
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Data that support the findings of this study are available upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We kindly thank Pierre Ciret, Thierry Garnier, Christian Portier, and Christelle Teillet for their help during the setup of the experiments.
Funding
This work was supported by the financial support of the French Nation Research Agency (ANR), LUCIOLE project (ANR-22-CE34-0010–01) and a Bordeaux University PhD scholarship for A. Botté.
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Study conception, design and methodology, D.T., A.B., L.P.; experimentation, A.B., D.T.; molecular analysis, A.B., L.P.; data treatment, A.B.; interpretation, A.B., D.T., L.P.; manuscript writing, A.B.; review and editing, all authors; funding, D.T. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and gave final approval for publication.
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Botte, A., Payton, L. & Tran, D. The effects of artificial light at night on behavioral rhythm and related gene expression are wavelength dependent in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 120375–120386 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30793-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30793-1