Abstract
The materials for water treatment have been evolving in multitude of dimensions, indicating the importance of water reuse and increasing level of water pollution around the globe. Among the various materials that are utilized in wastewater treatment, the material that has attracted the research community for the past decades is the metal organic framework (MOF). In this work one of the water stable and microporous MOF, UiO-66, and its aminated version has been employed to adsorb an anionic azo dye, direct blue-6 (DB-6), from the aqueous matrix. Performance of both the MOFs was compared to know the efficiency under varying solution conditions. The optimized parameters for DB-6 adsorption by UiO-66 was performed using response surface methodology. This numerical optimization was further extended with canonical and ridge analysis. Under optimal conditions, the materials were exhibiting a good adsorption capacity of 754.4 mg/g. The materials were analyzed in terms of morphology, crystallinity, thermal stability, and surface area using instruments like X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and BET surface area analysis. The mechanism of interaction between UiO-66 and DB-6 molecule was elucidated with the help of XPS analysis which helps to know the main interacting group of UiO-66. This study was concluded with a phytotoxicity analysis of DB-6 and the antioxidant system of Vigna radiata assessed using pre and post adsorbed water.
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Acknowledgements
The authors extend their sincere gratitude to the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering and Central Instrument Facility (CIF), Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India, for the provision of instruments for analysis and to perform the characterization technique like XRD, FESEM, FETEM, TGA, BET, and XPS.
Funding
This study was supported by the Indian Ministry of Education for the provision of Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship and research grant which supported in doing the experiments. Authors Harish Kumar Rajendran (PMRF ID: 1901267) and Ragavan Chandrasekar (PMRF ID: 1901265) are the recipients of Prime Minister’s Research Fellowship and research grant.
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Harish Kumar Rajendran—data analysis, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, conceptualization, resources, software, and writing—original draft; Mahesh Das—data analysis, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, conceptualization, and resources; Ragavan Chandrasekar—data analysis, methodology, conceptualization, and software; Mohammed Askkar Deen—data analysis, methodology, conceptualization, and resources; Bharatheeswaran Murugan—methodology, formal analysis and investigation, conceptualization, and resources; Selvaraju Narayanasamy—supervision, project administration, validation, writing—original draft, and reviewing and editing; Lingaraj Sahoo—supervision, project administration, validation, writing—original draft, and reviewing and editing.
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Rajendran, H.K., Das, M., Chandrasekar, R. et al. UiO-66 octahedrons for adsorptive removal of direct blue-6: process optimization, interaction mechanism, and phytotoxicity assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 114264–114282 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30296-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-30296-z