Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a potent human and aquatic pathogen, is usually found in estuaries and oceans. Human illness is associated with consuming uncooked/partially cooked contaminated seafood. The study on bivalve-associated V. parahaemolyticus revealed that the post-monsoon season had the highest bacterial abundance (9 ± 1.5 log cfu) compared to the monsoon season (8.03 ± 0.56 log cfu). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiling was performed on 114 V. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from bivalves. The highest AMR was observed against ampicillin (78%). Chloramphenicol was found to be effective against all the isolates. Multiple antibiotic resistance index values of 0.2 or higher were detected in 18% of the isolates. Molecular analysis of antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) revealed the high prevalence (100%) of the TEM-1 gene in the aquatic environment. After plasmid profiling and curing, 41.6% and 100% of the resistant isolates were found to be sensitive to ampicillin and cephalosporins, respectively, indicating the prevalence of plasmid-associated ARGs in the aquatic environment. A study to evaluate the antagonistic properties of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against V. parahaemolyticus isolates identified the potential of these bacteria to resist the growth of V. parahaemolyticus.
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Data generated from the research work are available in the repository of ICAR-CMFRI.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Director of ICAR-CMFRI for providing the research facilities. The authors would like to thank Dr. V. Murugadas, Senior Scientist, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India, for providing the V. parahaemolyticus clinical strain as a reference material under INFAAR project.
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The funding for this work was received from ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute through the in-house project “Health Management in selected finfish and shellfish & bio prospecting from marine resources.” The first author acknowledges the financial support from CSIR-UGC, Government of India, in the form of Junior Research Fellowship.
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B.R.: investigation, methodology, formal analysis, writing original draft, and visualisation. S.R.K.S.: conceptualization, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, supervision, writing, review, and editing. Peter Reynold: methodology and formal analysis. T.G.S. and K.G.M.: data curation and formal analysis. M.R.R.: investigation and visualisation.
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Bhaskaran, R., Ramachandra, K.S.S., Peter, R. et al. Antimicrobial resistance and antagonistic features of bivalve-associated Vibrio parahaemolyticus from the south-west coast of India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 107681–107692 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29924-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29924-5