Abstract
In this study, three groups of municipal solid waste incinerated-bottom ash (MSWI-BA) with different particle sizes (1.18–2.36 mm; 2.36–4.75 mm; 4.75–9.5 mm) were separately treated under natural dry, half-wet, and wet condition, to investigate the possibility of their mechanical performance. The strength of MSWI-BA was periodicity tested by crushing value test. The changes of microstructure and mineral components over curing time were separately analyzed via scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the MSWI-BA requires long curing time to develop a certain strength, and the highest strength of MSWI-BA is obtained under half-wet curing condition. The strength development of MSWI-BA is attributed to the formation of hydration products of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S–H) and the increase in well-crystallized minerals of CaCO3. In addition, the results of the indoor long-term immersion test show that the heavy metal leached concentrations of MSWI-BA are far below the limited values in China standard GB 5085. In addition, the curing can solidify heavy metals to a certain extent, ensuring the safety of MSWI-BA as a road construction material.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Civil Engineering Experimental Center of Nanjing Forestry University, China, for all of the support provided to us.
Funding
This work was supported by the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province, grant number [SJCX21_0344]; the Science and Technology Plan Program of the Ministry of Housing and Urban–Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China, grant number [2019-K-140]; and the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Nanjing Forestry University, grant number [CX2019031].
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The study conception, experiment design, and material preparation were contributed by Yao Zhao. Data collection and analysis were performed by Fengchi Xu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yao Zhao and Fengchi Xu, and the previous versions of the manuscript were edited and reviewed by Yao Zhao. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Zhao, Y., Xu, F. Experimental study on the influence of curing conditions on the mechanical performance of municipal solid waste incinerated-bottom ash (MSWI-BA). Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 89101–89113 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28726-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28726-z