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Pollution of water in Africa: a review of contaminants and fish as biomonitors and analytical methodologies—the case of Senegal

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Abstract

Environmental pollution is one of the major problems facing human health, ecosystems, and biodiversity. This is particularly the case for water quality in Senegal. Fish can be used as a biomonitor of pollution by accumulating pollutants from the environment through their tissues. Fish is an indispensable element in the assessment of the quality of the environment due to the diversity of biological cycles and their position in the food chain. Fish, which is very sensitive to chemical and bacterial pollution, concentrates pollutants and is a good indicator of water quality. This review presents water pollution in Senegal and the possibility of using fish as an ideal monitoring matrix for marine environments, to detect the concentration of heavy metals and organic pollutants. The different extraction and analytical techniques used for fish biomonitoring will be also described.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Paul NKENG from University of Strasbourg and the ministry of education and research of Senegal for the grant of Cheikh Tidiane DIONE.

Funding

Ministry of education and research of Senegal for the grant of Cheikh Tidiane DIONE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg Cedex 3, France

    Cheikh Tidiane Dione, Olivier Delhomme & Maurice Millet

  2. Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Physical Organic Chemistry and Environmental Analysis (LCPOAE), Dakar, Senegal

    Cheikh Tidiane Dione, Momar Ndiaye, Birame Ndiaye, Ibrahima Diagne, Dame Cisse, Maoudo Hane, Mame Mor Dione, Sitor Diouf & Abdoulaye Diop

  3. Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Lorraine University, Metz, France

    Olivier Delhomme

  4. Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Animal Biology, Dakar, Senegal

    Cheikhna Diebakate

Authors
  1. Cheikh Tidiane Dione
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  2. Momar Ndiaye
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  3. Olivier Delhomme
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  4. Cheikhna Diebakate
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  5. Birame Ndiaye
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  9. Mame Mor Dione
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  11. Abdoulaye Diop
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  12. Maurice Millet
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Contributions

CTD wrote the first version of original manuscript. MM, AD, and MN have reviewed, corrected, and edited the final version of the manuscript. OD, ChD, ID, BN, SD, MMD, DC, and MH have participated to the bibliographical acquisition and interpretation of the data.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maurice Millet.

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Dione, C.T., Ndiaye, M., Delhomme, O. et al. Pollution of water in Africa: a review of contaminants and fish as biomonitors and analytical methodologies—the case of Senegal. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 2374–2391 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24216-w

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