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Environmental friendly silk and cotton dyeing using natural colorant of Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea glabra) flowers: the sustainable approach towards textile industry

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Abstract

For the current study, Bougainvillea flowers as environment friendly sustainable source of plant-based natural dye have been selected as an alternative to toxic synthetic dyes for dyeing of cotton and silk. Natural colorant from Bougainvillea flowers (Bougainvillea glabra) was extracted using aqueous and acidic extraction media. Maximum colorant was extracted in aqueous medium, and further it was used for cotton and silk dyeing. The optimum values of the dyeing parameters including dyeing time, dye to liquor ratio and salt level as exhausting agent were found to be 30 min, 35-mL liquor ratio and 3.0 g for cotton and for silk 45 min dyeing time, 45-mL liquor ratio and 3.0 g exhausting agent in aqueous dye extract. Bio mordanting has been applied to attain a variety of color shades. The utilization of 3% of henna, 4% of turmeric for silk pre-mordanting and for post-mordanting turmeric at 3% and henna at 4% for silk gave a darker shade. For cotton bio mordanting, 2% turmeric rhizome powder, 3% henna leaves powder extract as pre-mordant and 2% turmeric, 3% henna as post-mordant has developed a variety of shade. Overall, it has been found that natural colorant from Bougainvillea flowers is the new dye source for bio-coloration of natural fabrics, and addition of bio mordants has made the process more calming and eco-friendly.

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Acknowledgements

We are greatly thankful to the Eco friendly Textile Lab at the Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan for assessment of results of dyed and mordanted samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Education Lahore, Vehari Campus, Vehari, 61100, Punjab, Pakistan

    Warda Rasool & Sheikh Asrar Ahmad

  2. Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shahid Adeel

  3. Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan

    Fatima Batool & Sahar Mumtaz

  4. Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Hussaan

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  1. Warda Rasool
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  2. Shahid Adeel
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  3. Fatima Batool
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  4. Sheikh Asrar Ahmad
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  5. Sahar Mumtaz
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  6. Muhammad Hussaan
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Contributions

This paper is an outcome of BS research work of WR. SAA is supervisor and FB is co-supervisor, guided scientifically for smooth running of the work. SA has helped in assessment of data and experiments. SM and MH have guided to make colorfast shades.

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Correspondence to Fatima Batool.

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Rasool, W., Adeel, S., Batool, F. et al. Environmental friendly silk and cotton dyeing using natural colorant of Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea glabra) flowers: the sustainable approach towards textile industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 21863–21871 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23417-7

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