Abstract
As a global concern, the issue of groundwater salinization refers to the phenomenon of an increase in the overall chemical content over background levels in the groundwater. It involves a long-term process that could degrade groundwater quality and restrict its availability for drinking, irrigation and industry. For the effective protection and further research of groundwater resources, policy strongly depends on understanding the development, hotspots and trend directions of groundwater salinization research, which involves the degree, sources and processes of global groundwater salinization. However, such a comprehensive and systematic analysis has not been performed, and it is difficult to have a deeper understanding of groundwater salinization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the knowledge structure, hot topics and trends in the field of groundwater salinization based on 6651 Web of Science (WoS) publications combined with CiteSpace for in-depth bibliometric and visual analysis. The results showed that 292 institutions in 125 countries have published articles in this field from 1970 to 2021. The USA was one of the most prolific contributors, with the largest number of publications and active institutions. Cooperation among authors has become frequent in recent years, and they tend to cooperate in groups. According to the analysis of co-occurrence keywords and co-cited articles, “water resources”, “sea level rise” and “variable density flow” were identified as three hot topics. A keyword burst analysis revealed the emerging trends of concerns about global climate change and the sustainable utilization of water resources. In addition, the possible opportunities and challenges were explored that may be faced in groundwater salinization research. The outcomes of this study are significant for future research on groundwater management and pollution control.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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FY: conceptualization, methodology, software, writing—review and editing. CJ: writing—review and editing. HY: writing—review and editing. XY: writing—review and editing.
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Highlights
1. Research on groundwater salinization was systematically reviewed.
2. The main research topics and themes were determined by collaborative and co-citation networks.
3. The USA and China stand out in this research field.
4. The major research areas are the processes and mechanisms of salinization.
5. The climate change and water sustainable utilization continue to be a major research focus.
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Yang, F., Jia, C., Yang, H. et al. Development, hotspots and trend directions of groundwater salinization research in both coastal and inland areas: a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 1970 to 2021. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 67704–67727 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22134-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22134-5