Experimental investigation on sucrose/alumina catalyst coated converter in gasoline engine exhaust gas

Sathyanarayanan, S.; Suresh, S.; Saravanan, C. G.; Uslu, Samet

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20655-7

Experimental investigation on sucrose/alumina catalyst coated converter in gasoline engine exhaust gas

Renewable Energy Systems for Sustainable Environment
Published: 13 May 2022

Volume 30, pages 61204–61216, (2023)
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S. Sathyanarayanan¹,
S. Suresh¹,
C. G. Saravanan² &
…
Samet Uslu³

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Abstract

In this study, a modified catalytic converter was employed to treat the harmful exhaust gas pollutants of a twin-cylinder, four-stroke spark-ignition engine. This research mainly focuses on the emission reduction of unburnt hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides at low light-off temperatures. A sucrolite catalyst (sucrolite) was coated over the metallic substrate present inside the catalytic converter, and exhaust gas was allowed to pass through it. A scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the changes in morphology, chemical compounds, and functional group elements caused by the reactions. Catalytic reactions were studied by varying the engine loads and bed temperatures, and the results were compared with those of the commercial catalytic converter. The results show that sucrose present in the catalyst was suitable at low temperatures while alumina was suitable for a wide range of temperatures. In the case of the modified catalytic converter, the maximum catalytic conversion efficiencies achieved for oxidizing CO and HC were 70.73% and 85.14%, respectively, and for reduction reaction at NO_x was 60.22% which is around 42% higher than in commercial catalytic converter. As a result, this study claims that sucrolite catalyst is effective for low-temperature exhaust gas.

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Optimization of gasoline engine emission parameters employing commercial and sucrolite-catalyst coated converter using response surface methodology

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Abbreviations

Å:: Armstrong
bp:: Brake power (kW)
cP:: Centipoise
cc:: Cubic centimeter
d nm:: Diameter in nanometer
kcps:: Kilo counts per second.
mV:: Mean diameter in microns (Volume distribution)
mS/cm:: Milli-Siemens per centimeter
N-m:: Newton-meter
rpm:: Revolution per minute
μm:: Micrometer
BTE:: Brake thermal efficiency
CCC:: Commercial catalytic converter
EGT:: Exhaust gas temperature
FTIR:: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
LPG:: Liquefied petroleum gas
ppm:: Parts per million
sucrose/alumina:: Sucrolite
SCC:: Sucrolite-catalyst coated converter
SEM:: Scanning electron microscope
SI:: Spark ignition
XRD:: X-ray diffraction
WCC:: Without catalytic converter
CO:: Carbon monoxide
CO₂ :: Carbon-di-oxide
HC:: Unburnt hydrocarbon
NO_x :: Oxides of nitrogen
O₂ :: Oxygen
SO_x :: Oxides of sulfur
FeCr:: FerroChrome
λ :: Actual to the theoretical air–fuel ratio

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Authors and Affiliations

Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Sathyanarayanan & S. Suresh
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
C. G. Saravanan
Automotive Engineering, Karabuk University, Demir-Celik Campus, Balıklarkayası Mevkii, 78050, Karabuk, Turkey
Samet Uslu

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S. Sathyanarayanan
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S. Suresh
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Samet Uslu
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Contributions

All the authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material characterization, data collection, and performance analysis were performed by S Sathyanarayanan, S Suresh, CG Saravanan, and Samet Uslu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by S Sathyanarayanan, and all the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to S. Suresh.

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Sathyanarayanan, S., Suresh, S., Saravanan, C.G. et al. Experimental investigation on sucrose/alumina catalyst coated converter in gasoline engine exhaust gas. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 61204–61216 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20655-7

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Received: 20 December 2021
Accepted: 02 May 2022
Published: 13 May 2022
Issue Date: May 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20655-7

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Experimental investigation on sucrose/alumina catalyst coated converter in gasoline engine exhaust gas