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Experimental analysis and parameter optimization on the reduction of NOx from diesel engine using RSM and ANN Model

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Abstract

The major emission sources of NOX are from automobiles, trucks, and various non-road vehicles, power plants, coal fired boilers, cement kilns, turbines, etc. Plasma reactor technology is widely used in gas conversion applications, such as NOx conversion into useful chemical by-product. Among the plasma treatment techniques, nonthermal plasma (NTP) is widely used because it does not cause any damage to the surfaces of the reacting chamber. In this proposed work, the feasibility of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor–based nonthermal plasma (NTP) process is examined based on four operating parameters including NOx concentration (300–400 ppm), gas flow rate (2–6 lpm), applied plasma voltage (20–30 kVpp), and electrode gap (3–5 mm) for removing NOx gas from diesel engine exhaust. Optimization of NTP process parameters has been carried out using response surface-based Box-Behnken design (BBD) method and artificial neural network (ANN) method and compared with the performance measures such as R2, MSE (mean square error), RMSE (root mean square error), and MAPE (mean absolute percentage error). Two kinds of analysis were carried out based on (1) NOx removal efficiency and (2) energy efficiency. Based on the simulation studies carried out for Nox removal efficiency, the RSM methodology produces the performance measures, 0.98 for R2, 1.274 for MSE, 1.128 for RMSE, and 2.053 for MAPE, and for ANN analysis method, 0.99 for R2, 2.167 for MSE, 1.472 for RMSE, and 1.276 for MAPE. These results shows that ANN method is having enhanced performance measures. For the second case, based on the energy efficiency study, the R2, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE values from the RSM model are 0.97, 2.230, 1.493, and 2.903 respectively. Similarly based on ANN model, the R2, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE values are 0.99, 0.246, 0.46, and 0.615, respectively. From the performance measures, it is found that the ANN model is accurate than the RSM model in predicting the NOx removal/reduction and efficiency. These models demonstrate that they have strong agreement with the experimental results. The experimental results are indicated that optimum conditions arrived based on the RSM model resulted in a maximum NOx reduction of 60.5% and an energy efficiency of 66.24 g/J. The comparison between the two models confirmed the findings, whereas this ANN model displayed a stronger correlation to the experimental evidence.

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source: CPCB-India, 2020)

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Funding

This project work was funded by UGC– Government of India under the scheme of major research project (File No. 39–883/2010(SR)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode, 638060, Tamilnadu, India

    Maheswari Chenniappan, Baskar Rajoo, Selvakumar Nachimuthu, Rishab Govind Rajaram & Vasanth Malaichamy

  2. Sanskrithi School of Engineering, Puttaparthi, Ananthapur, 515134, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Ramya Suresh

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  1. Maheswari Chenniappan
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  2. Ramya Suresh
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  4. Selvakumar Nachimuthu
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  6. Vasanth Malaichamy
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Contributions

CM supervised and validated the whole project. ASR analyzed, interpreted, and wrote the manuscript. RB helped in the ANN analyze. NS, RR, and MV conducted the experiments.

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Chenniappan, M., Suresh, R., Rajoo, B. et al. Experimental analysis and parameter optimization on the reduction of NOx from diesel engine using RSM and ANN Model. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 66068–66084 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20396-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20396-7

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