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The effects of Agriculture Productivity, Land Intensification, on Sustainable Economic Growth: A panel analysis from Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan Economies

  • GIS Applied to Soil-Agricultural Health for Environmental Sustainability
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Abstract

Population in South Asia is increasing ever than a faster rate, subsequently; food security, climate change, and capital intensive agro farming techniques are the prevailing challenges in this region. This is a tri-country penal analysis, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh, and the study covers the data throughout (1973–2020). This study has used modern farm input data besides demographic variables in the study. In this study, we use panel data set, ARDL (PMG) approach, autoregressive distributed lag model pooled mean group, which is an extensively dynamic modeling technique for heterogeneous data. The results of the study explore that transition in the demographic pattern in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh is the real cause of low crop productivity and land intensification. Technology innovation is the only ray of hope to fulfill the food demand of the future ahead and climate agriculture practices can hamper the further deterioration of the small farmlands.

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Data availability

The data is available on request from corresponding author.

Notes

  1. Not balancing the increase in temperature associated with reduced transpiration.

  2. More than carrying capacity of the country as per the proportion of its natural resources (i.e., agriculture land, availability of fresh and safe drinking water, and forest).

  3. Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal.

  4. East and West Africa, south Asia and Central America.

  5. Higher population growth and density accelerate the expansion of nonfarm industries, which are closely linked with urban markets; resultantly, urban demand increases which leads to higher rural–urban migration.

  6. Urban sprawl, also called sprawl or suburban sprawl, the rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns, often characterized by low-density residential housing, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on the private automobile for transportation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Economics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

    Nusrat Yaqoob

  2. Department of Applied Economics Research Centre, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

    Syed Ammad Ali

  3. C. H. Sandage School of Business, Graceland University, Lamoni, IA, 50140, USA

    Desti Kannaiah

  4. Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Nasir Khan

  5. Department of Management Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Malik Shahzad Shabbir

  6. Department of Management Sciences, Comsat University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan

    Kanwal Bilal

  7. College of Business, Al-Ain University, Al Ain, UAE

    Mosab I. Tabash

Authors
  1. Nusrat Yaqoob
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  2. Syed Ammad Ali
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  3. Desti Kannaiah
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  4. Nasir Khan
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  5. Malik Shahzad Shabbir
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  6. Kanwal Bilal
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  7. Mosab I. Tabash
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Contributions

Miss Nusrat has completed the data analysis part, Dr. Desti completed the Introduction section, Dr. Ammad Ali completed the Literature review section, Mr. Nasir wrote the Methodology section, Mr. Malik Shahzad interpreted the data analysis section, Miss Kanwal wrote the conclusion, and Dr. Mosab wrote abstract parts and format the paper as per journal requirements.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Malik Shahzad Shabbir.

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JEL Classification; Q18, J13, J17, J24, Q13, P25, P28, Q01, Q15, Q24, Q33

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Yaqoob, N., Ali, S.A., Kannaiah, D. et al. The effects of Agriculture Productivity, Land Intensification, on Sustainable Economic Growth: A panel analysis from Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan Economies. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 116440–116448 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18471-6

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