Abstract
Albacore Thunnus alalunga and skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis are highly migratory species that are usually caught together in the Western Mediterranean. These species are top predators that are highly affected by the biomagnification process through the trophic chain. Bioaccumulation pattern of the main metal pollutants (mercury, Hg; lead, Pb; and cadmium, Cd) were analyzed in muscle tissues of 52 individuals (26 T. alalunga and 26 K. pelamis) of these highly consumed species in order to address two objectives: (1) compare the species-specific bioaccumulation between these large-pelagic species, and (2) assess the healthy properties of such valuable resources based on the trace metal limits established by the European Commission Regulation (ECR). Both generalized linear mixed models and redundancy analysis indicated a differential bioaccumulation between these two tuna species. While T. alalunga accumulates higher concentrations of Hg (0.1996 ± 0.0602 mg·kg-1 weight wet-ww), K. pelamis accumulates higher concentrations of Cd (0.0076 ± 0.0049 mg·kg-1 ww) and Pb (0.0031 ± 0.0017 mg·kg-1 ww). Size and trophic ecology support the differences detected in the bioaccumulation pattern. Heavy metal concentrations were below the tolerable limits considered by ECR (1, 0.1, and 0.3 mg·kg-1 ww for Hg, Cd, and Pb, respectively).
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Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the recreational fishing clubs, S’Estanyol and Cala d’Or, the sports judges, and all skippers and crews of recreational fisheries for their collaboration during the samplings. The collaboration of our colleagues of the Large Pelagic Fisheries department of Málaga (IEO), María José Gómez and Salvador García is enormously appreciated as is the kind assistance of all volunteers. We would like to thank Beatriz Alvira for her sampling collaboration and trace metals analysis, as well as for original ideas which have helped to confection the present contribution. Thanks to Dr. Juan Bellas from the Spanish Institute of Oceanography for valuable comments and suggestions, which helped us to improve the quality of the article.
Funding
This work was in part funded by the IEO project GPM-1719 and by the EU through the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF) within the National Program of collection, management, and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the Common Fisheries Policy. Antoni Sureda was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grant Number: CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038. Jorge Hernández-Urcera was supported by a Juan de la Cierva’s post-doc research grant (#FJCI-2016-30990) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Miguel Cabanellas-Reboredo was supported by a postdoctoral contract co-funded by the Regional Government of the Balearic Islands and the European Social Fund 2014–2020.
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DAC-G: investigation, data curation, writing—original draft and visualization. SS: investigation, validation, methodology, writing—review and editing. DM: investigation, validation, resources, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. AS: validation, resources, writing—review and editing, project administration, funding acquisition. JH-U: writing—review and editing, visualization, and supervision. MC-R: conceptualization, validation, formal analysis, writing—review and editing, visualization, and supervision.
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Chanto-García, .A., Saber, S., Macías, D. et al. Species-specific heavy metal concentrations of tuna species: the case of Thunnus alalunga and Katsuwonus pelamis in the Western Mediterranean. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 1278–1288 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15700-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15700-w