Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Methylene blue dye removal on silver nanoparticles reduced by Kyllinga brevifolia

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by reacting Kyllinga brevifolia extract (KBE) with AgNO3 aqueous solution at room temperature (22 ± 3 °C). The phytochemical constituents in KBE responsible for the reduction process were identified as carbohydrate, protein, and plant sterols (stigmasterol and campesterol). KBE was also found to function as a capping agent for stabilization of AgNPs. The AgNPs were stable at room temperature and had a quasi-spherical shape with an average particle size 22.3 nm. The use of KBE offers not only eco-friendly and non-pathogenic path for AgNPs formation, it also induced rapid formation of the AgNPs. Methylene blue (MB) removal was then done on the AgNPs in the presence of either KBE or NaBH4. Ninety-three percent removal of MB was achieved with a rate of reaction 0.2663 min−1 in the solution with KBE+AgNPs (pH 2). However, in NaBH4+AgNPs system, 100% MB removal was achieved at pH 8–10. The reaction rate was 2.5715 min−1 indicating a fast removal rate of MB dye. The process of reduction occurs via electron relay effect whereas in KBE+AgNPs system, sedimentation occurred along with the reduction process. Nevertheless, the use of KBE+AgNPs system is preferred as the reducing agent is more benign to the environment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AL-Thabaiti NS, Malik MA, Khan Z (2017) Protein interactions with silver nanoparticles: green synthesis, and biophysical approach. Int J Biol Macromol 95:421–428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ali M, Kim B, Belfield KD, Norman D, Brennan M, Ali GS (2016) Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Artemisia absinthium aqueous extract—a comprehensive study. Mater Sci Eng C 58:359–365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anand KKH, Mandal BK (2015) Activity study of biogenic spherical silver nanoparticles towards microbes and oxidants. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 135:639–645

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aravinthan A et al (2015) Sunroot mediated synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of its antibacterial and rat splenocyte cytotoxic effects. Int J Nanomedicine 10:1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashraf A, Zafar S, Zahid K, Salahuddin Shah M, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Misned F, Mahboob S (2018) Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Coriandrum sativum L. J Infect Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2018.11.002

  • Babu Maddinedi S, Mandal BK, Maddili SK (2017) Biofabrication of size controllable silver nanoparticles–a green approach. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 167:236–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagherzade G, Tavakoli MM, Namaei MH (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) wastages and its antibacterial activity against six bacteria. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 7:227–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barua S, Thakur S, Aidew L, Buragohain AK, Chattopadhyay P, Karak N (2014) One step preparation of a biocompatible, antimicrobial reduced graphene oxide–silver nanohybrid as a topical antimicrobial agent. RSC Adv 4:9777–9783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bindhu M, Umadevi M (2014) Silver and gold nanoparticles for sensor and antibacterial applications. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 128:37–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogireddy NKR, Kumar HAK, Mandal BK (2016) Biofabricated silver nanoparticles as green catalyst in the degradation of different textile dyes. J Environ Chem Eng 4:56–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonigala B, Kasukurthi B, Konduri VV, Mangamuri UK, Gorrepati R, Poda S (2018) Green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Stemona tuberosa Lour and screening for their catalytic activity in the degradation of toxic chemicals. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(32):32540–32548 1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Celebioglu A, Aytac Z, Umu OC, Dana A, Tekinay T, Uyar T (2014) One-step synthesis of size-tunable Ag nanoparticles incorporated in electrospun PVA/cyclodextrin nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 99:808–816

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chankaew C, Somsri S, Tapala W, Mahatheeranont S, Saenjum C, Rujiwatra A (2018) Kaffir lime leaf extract mediated synthesis, anticancer activities and antibacterial kinetics of Ag and Ag/AgCl nanoparticles. Particuology. 40:160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2017.11.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury NR, MacGregor-Ramiasa M, Zilm P, Majewski P, Vasilev K (2016) ‘Chocolate’silver nanoparticles: synthesis, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. J Colloid Interface Sci 482:151–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cuenya BR (2010) Synthesis and catalytic properties of metal nanoparticles: size, shape, support, composition, and oxidation state effects. Thin Solid Films 518:3127–3150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daphedar A, Taranath TC (2017) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by leaf extract of Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. and their cytotoxic effect on mitotic chromosomes of Drimia indica (Roxb.) Jessop. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:25861–25869

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das P, Barua S, Sarkar S, Karak N, Bhattacharyya P, Raza N, Kim KH, Bhattacharya SS (2018) Plant extract–mediated green silver nanoparticles: efficacy as soil conditioner and plant growth promoter. J Hazard Mater 346:62–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Devi TB, Ahmaruzzaman M (2016) Bio-inspired sustainable and green synthesis of plasmonic Ag/AgCl nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of organic compound from aqueous phase. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:17702–17714

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Francis S, Joseph S, Koshy EP, Mathew B (2017) Green synthesis and characterization of gold and silver nanoparticles using Mussaenda glabrata leaf extract and their environmental applications to dye degradation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:17347–17357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Govarthanan M, Cho M, Park J-H, Jang J-S, Yi Y-J, Kamala-Kannan S, Oh B-T (2016a) Cottonseed oilcake extract mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and its antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. J Nanomater 2016:6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Govarthanan M, Seo YS, Lee KJ, Jung IB, Ju HJ, Kim JS, Cho M, Kamala-Kannan S, Oh BT (2016b) Low-cost and eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil cake extract and its antibacterial activity. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology 44:1878–1882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henglein A (1989) Small-particle research: physicochemical properties of extremely small colloidal metal and semiconductor particles. Chem Rev 89:1861–1873

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henglein A (1993) Physicochemical properties of small metal particles in solution: “microelectrode” reactions, chemisorption, composite metal particles, and the atom-to-metal transition. J Phys Chem 97:5457–5471

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hewitt L (1950) Oxidation-reduction potentials in bacteriology and biochemistry. Postgrad Med J 26(300):552 215

    Google Scholar 

  • Honary S, Barabadi H, Gharaei-Fathabad E, Naghibi F, Baltimore S (2013) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles induced by the fungus Penicillium citrinum. Trop J Pharm Res 12:7–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong X, Wen J, Xiong X, Hu Y (2016) Shape effect on the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized via a microwave-assisted method. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:4489–4497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iravani S, Korbekandi H, Mirmohammadi S, Zolfaghari B (2014) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: chemical, physical and biological methods. Res Pharm Sci 9:385

    Google Scholar 

  • Jana NR, Sau TK, Pal T (1999) Growing small silver particle as redox catalyst. J Phys Chem B 103:115–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeeva K, Thiyagarajan M, Elangovan V, Geetha N, Venkatachalam P (2014) Caesalpinia coriaria leaf extracts mediated biosynthesis of metallic silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity against clinically isolated pathogens. Ind Crop Prod 52:714–720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan FU, Chen Y, Khan NU, Khan ZUH, Khan AU, Ahmad A, Tahir K, Wang L, Khan MR, Wan P (2016a) Antioxidant and catalytic applications of silver nanoparticles using Dimocarpus longan seed extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 164:344–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MA, Khan T, Nadhman A (2016b) Applications of plant terpenoids in the synthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 234:132–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khodadadi B, Bordbar M, Nasrollahzadeh M (2017) Achillea millefolium L. extract mediated green synthesis of waste peach kernel shell supported silver nanoparticles: application of the nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of a variety of dyes in water. J Colloid Interface Sci 493:85–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar B, Smita K, Cumbal L, Debut A (2014) Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil for one pot synthesis of silver nanocatalyst: an ecofriendly approach. Ind Crop Prod 58:238–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar KM, Mandal BK, Tammina SK (2013) Green synthesis of nano platinum using naturally occurring polyphenols. RSC Adv 3:4033–4039. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3RA22959A

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar V, Singh DK, Mohan S, Bano D, Gundampati RK, Hasan SH (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle for the selective and sensitive colorimetric detection of mercury (II) ion. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 168:67–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari MM, Philip D (2013) Facile one-pot synthesis of gold and silver nanocatalysts using edible coconut oil. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 111:154–160

  • Lee K-J, Park SH, Govarthanan M, Hwang PH, Seo YS, Cho M, Lee WH, Lee JY, Kamala-Kannan S, Oh BT (2013) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cow milk and their antifungal activity against phytopathogens. Mater Lett 105:128–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Z, Wang Y, Ni Y, Kokot S (2014) Unmodified silver nanoparticles for rapid analysis of the organophosphorus pesticide, dipterex, often found in different waters. Sensors Actuators B Chem 193:205–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mallick K, Witcomb M, Scurrell M (2006) Silver nanoparticle catalysed redox reaction: an electron relay effect. Mater Chem Phys 97:283–287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mat EAT, Shaari J, How VK (2013) Wastewater production, treatment, and use in Malaysia. In

  • Mata R, Nakkala JR, Sadras SR (2015) Catalytic and biological activities of green silver nanoparticles synthesized from Plumeria alba (frangipani) flower extract. Mater Sci Eng C 51:216–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muthusamy G, Thangasamy S, Raja M, Chinnappan S, Kandasamy S (2017) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Spirulina microalgae and its antibacterial activity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:19459–19464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mythili R, Selvankumar T, Kamala-Kannan S, Sudhakar C, Ameen F, al-Sabri A, Selvam K, Govarthanan M, Kim H (2018) Utilization of market vegetable waste for silver nanoparticle synthesis and its antibacterial activity. Mater Lett 225:101–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.04.111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naseem K, Farooqi ZH, Begum R, Irfan A (2018) Removal of Congo red dye from aqueous medium by its catalytic reduction using sodium borohydride in the presence of various inorganic nano-catalysts: a review. J Clean Prod 187:296–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.209

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen TT-N, Vo T-T, Nguyen BN-H, Nguyen D-T, Dang V-S, Dang C-H, Nguyen T-D (2018) Silver and gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by aqueous extract of burdock root, Arctium lappa as antimicrobial agent and catalyst for degradation of pollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25(34):34247–34261 1-15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oluwafemi OS, Mochochoko T, Leo AJ, Mohan S, Jumbam DN, Songca SP (2016) Microwave irradiation synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cellulose from Eichhornia crassipes plant shoot. Mater Lett 185:576–579

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poopathi S, De Britto LJ, Praba VL, Mani C, Praveen M (2015) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica—a most effective method for mosquito control. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:2956–2963

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raj S, Mali SC, Trivedi R (2018) Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) leaf extract. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 503:2814–2819

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rajkuberan C, Prabukumar S, Sathishkumar G, Wilson A, Ravindran K, Sivaramakrishnan S (2016) Facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Euphorbia antiquorum L. latex extract and evaluation of their biomedical perspectives as anticancer agents. J Saudi Chem Soc 21(8):911–919

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samyn P, Barhoum A, Öhlund T, Dufresne A (2018) Nanoparticles and nanostructured materials in papermaking. J Mater Sci 53:146–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Santhoshkumar T, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Marimuthu S, Jayaseelan C, Kirthi AV, Kamaraj C, Rajakumar G, Zahir AA, Elango G, Velayutham K, Iyappan M, Siva C, Karthik L, Rao KVB (2012) Evaluation of stem aqueous extract and synthesized silver nanoparticles using Cissus quadrangularis against Hippobosca maculata and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Exp Parasitol 132:156–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sengottaiyan A, Mythili R, Selvankumar T, Aravinthan A, Kamala-Kannan S, Manoharan K, Thiyagarajan P, Govarthanan M, Kim JH (2016) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Solanum indicum L. and their antibacterial, splenocyte cytotoxic potentials. Res Chem Intermed 42:3095–3103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi H, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Feng X, Zhao X, Tan H, Khan SU, Li Y, Wang E (2018) Polyoxometalate/TiO2/Ag composite nanofibers with enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 221:280–289

  • Sillanpää M, Shestakova M (2017) Chapter 2 - electrochemical water treatment methods. In: Sillanpää M, Shestakova M (eds) . Butterworth-Heinemann, Electrochemical water treatment methods, pp 47–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811462-9.00002-5

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha T, Ahmaruzzaman M (2015) High-value utilization of egg shell to synthesize silver and gold–silver core shell nanoparticles and their application for the degradation of hazardous dyes from aqueous phase-A green approach. J Colloid Interface Sci 453:115–131

  • Sowmyya T (2017) Spectroscopic investigation on catalytic and bactericidal properties of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using Soymida febrifuga aqueous stem bark extract. J Environ Chem Eng 6(3):3590–3601

    Google Scholar 

  • Suvith V, Philip D (2014) Catalytic degradation of methylene blue using biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 118:526–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tran QH, Le A-T (2013) Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, properties, toxicology, applications and perspectives. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol 4:033001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tripathi R, Kumar N, Shrivastav A, Singh P, Shrivastav B (2013) Catalytic activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized by Ficus panda leaf extract. J Mol Catal B Enzym 96:75–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ung T, Giersig M, Dunstan D, Mulvaney P (1997) Spectroelectrochemistry of colloidal silver. Langmuir. 13:1773–1782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vanaamudan A, Soni H, Sudhakar PP (2016) Palm shell extract capped silver nanoparticles—as efficient catalysts for degradation of dyes and as SERS substrates. J Mol Liq 215:787–794

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varadavenkatesan T, Selvaraj R, Vinayagam R (2016) Phyto-synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Mussaenda erythrophylla leaf extract and their application in catalytic degradation of methyl orange dye. J Mol Liq 221:1063–1070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasimalai N, John SA (2013) Biopolymer capped silver nanoparticles as fluorophore for ultrasensitive and selective determination of malathion. Talanta. 115:24–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vidhu V, Philip D (2014a) Catalytic degradation of organic dyes using biosynthesized silver nanoparticles. Micron. 56:54–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vidhu V, Philip D (2014b) Spectroscopic, microscopic and catalytic properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Saraca indica flower. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 117:102–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yue L, Zhou M, Chen Q, Weng J, Zhang Y (2009) Ag/PEO nanocomposite fabricated in a planar magnetron sputtering. Vacuum. 83:1200–1203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zarpelon F, Galiotto D, Aguzzoli C, Carli LN, Figueroa CA, Baumvol IJR, Machado G, Crespo JS, Giovanela M (2016) Removal of coliform bacteria from industrial wastewaters using polyelectrolytes/silver nanoparticles self-assembled thin films. J Environ Chem Eng 4:137–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang W, Tan F, Wang W, Qiu X, Qiao X, Chen J (2012) Facile, template-free synthesis of silver nanodendrites with high catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol. J Hazard Mater 217-218:36–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.056

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MOE) [grant numbers 600-RMI/RAGS 5/3 (20/2013) and 600-RMI/RACE 16/6/2 (5/2013)].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Green Electronics NanoMaterials Group (GEMs), School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Seri Ampangan, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Norain Isa & Zainovia Lockman

  2. Sensor and Environmental Research Group (SERG), Department of Applied Sciences, Technology University MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Norain Isa

Authors
  1. Norain Isa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zainovia Lockman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Norain Isa.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Isa, N., Lockman, Z. Methylene blue dye removal on silver nanoparticles reduced by Kyllinga brevifolia. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 11482–11495 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04583-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04583-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation