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Effect of some osmoregulators on photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity, and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under water deficit stress

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Abstract

Water deficit stress is an abiotic stress that causes reductions in growth and yield of many field crops around the world. The present research was aimed to elucidate the mitigating efficiency of exogenous application of select osmoregulators and biostimulants, i.e., potassium dihydrogen phosphate, actosol® (humic acid), Amino more (amino acids), and Compound fertilizer, applied as a spray that reached both foliage and the soil, on growth characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Giza123) under water deficit stress during two successive growing seasons of field experiments in Egypt. Water deficit resulted in stress as estimated by stress indicators and decreased growth and poor health and development as reflected in statistically significant decreases in chlorophyll a and b and major nutrient (NPK) levels in tissues, stem length, number of leaves, and fresh and dry mass as well as yield components such as spike length, grains per spike, biological yield, grain yield, and 1000-grain weight. As a response to water deficit stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS, i.e., superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) levels increased significantly resulting in lipid peroxidation and decreased membrane integrity and significant increases in antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POX). All four treatments alleviated the detrimental impacts of water deficit stress as evidenced by statistically significantly increased photosynthetic pigment concentration, tissue NPK levels, growth, and yield parameters compared to the water deficit-stressed control, while the stress responses were significantly reduced. The osmoregulators used either partially restored the growth and yield of osmotic-stressed barley plants or certain treatments enhanced them. All osmoregulators tested mitigated the adverse impacts of water deficit stress on barley plants, but the highest induction was found when plants were treated with actosol®. The beneficial effects of the osmoregulators tested were the strongest overall in the order actosol® ˃ potassium dihydrogen phosphate ˃ Amino more ˃ Compound fertilizer.

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Abbreviations

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

O2 ·− :

Superoxide

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

CAT:

Catalase

POX:

Peroxidase

PPO:

Polyphenol oxidase

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank colleagues at Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Lab. (Accredited according to ISO/17025) and EPCRS Excellence Centre (certified according to ISO/9001, ISO/14001 and OHSAS/18001), Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. The authors would like to thank Prof. Mihály Czakó for the help, valuable suggestions, and discussions.

Funding

This research was co-financed by the ÚNKP-17-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities. Also, support was given by OTKA KH 124985 and Tempus Public Foundation (TPF), Hungary.

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  1. EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Khaled A. A. Abdelaal, Yaser M. Hafez, Mohamed M. El-Afry & Dalia S. Tantawy

  2. Soil and Water Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Tarek Alshaal

  3. Department of Agricultural Botany, Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen - AGTC, Böszörményi út 138, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary

    Tarek Alshaal

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  1. Khaled A. A. Abdelaal
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Abdelaal, K.A.A., Hafez, Y.M., El-Afry, M.M. et al. Effect of some osmoregulators on photosynthesis, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity, and productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under water deficit stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 30199–30211 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3023-x

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