Abstract
Neosartorya fischeri, an Aspergillaceae fungus, was evaluated in its capacity to transform high molecular weight polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) and the recalcitrant fraction of petroleum, the asphaltenes. N. fischeri was able to grow in these compounds as sole carbon source. Coronene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, together with the asphaltenes, were assayed for fungal biotransformation. The transformation of the asphaltenes and HMW-PAHs was confirmed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nano-LC mass spectrometry, and IR spectrometry. The formation of hydroxy and ketones groups on the PAH molecules suggest a biotransformation mediated by monooxygenases such as cytochrome P450 system (CYP). A comparative microarray with the complete genome from N. fischeri showed three CYP monooxygenases and one flavin monooxygenase genes upregulated. These findings, together with the internalization of aromatic substrates into fungal cells and the microsomal transformation of HMW-PAHs, strongly support the role of CYPs in the oxidation of these recalcitrant compounds.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Dr. Katrin Quester for her technical assistance. We thank to Lorena Chávez González, Simón Guzmán León, José Luis Santillán Torres, and Jorge Ramírez for technical assistance in the microarray determinations. We thank Gerardo Coello, Gustavo Corral and Ana Patricia Gómez for genArise software assistance, and Olga A. Callejas for confocal microscopy. This research was funded by the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT)
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This research was funded by the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (SEP-CONACyT 165633).
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Hernández-López, E.L., Perezgasga, L., Huerta-Saquero, A. et al. Biotransformation of petroleum asphaltenes and high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Neosartorya fischeri . Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 10773–10784 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6277-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6277-1