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Effects of anthracene on filtration rates, antioxidant defense system, and redox proteomics in the Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus (Mollusca: Bivalvia)

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Abstract

This study aimed at analyzing the impact of a toxic polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), anthracene (ANT), on Ruditapes decussatus collected from a Tunisian coastal lagoon (Bizerte Lagoon). Filtration rates, several antioxidant enzymes—superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione transferase (GST)—as well as indices of protein oxidation status were determined in various tissues of this bivalve. Specimens were exposed to 100 μg/L of ANT for 2 days. ANT levels were evaluated using HPLC and were detected in the gill and digestive gland at different amounts. ANT exposure altered the behavior of bivalves by changing the siphon movement and decreasing filtration rate significantly. The enzymatic results indicated that ANT exposure affected the oxidative stress status of the gills of R. decussatus. In addition, modification of proteins was detected in the gills using redox proteomics after ANT treatment. Three protein spots were successfully identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). These proteins can be roughly related to muscle contraction function. In contrast, no significant modification of enzymatic and protein responses was detected in the digestive gland after ANT treatment. These data demonstrate that combined behavioral and biochemical analyses are a powerful tool to provide valuable insights into possible mechanisms of toxicity of anthracene in R. decussatus. Additionally, the results highlight the potential of the gill as a valuable candidate for investigating PAH toxicity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Coastal Ecology Unit, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia

    Badreddine Sellami, Abdelhafidh Khazri, Héla Louati, Mohamed Dellali, Patricia Aïssa, Ezzeddine Mahmoudi & Beyrem Hamouda

  2. Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Environnement, 05/UR/12-03, 7021, Zarzouna, Tunisia

    Mouhamed Ridha Driss

  3. Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Analytical Services Unit, Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology (ITQB), New University of Lisbon, Avenida da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal

    Ana Varela Coelho

  4. Environmental Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Rd, Cork, Ireland

    David Sheehan

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  1. Badreddine Sellami
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Sellami, B., Khazri, A., Louati, H. et al. Effects of anthracene on filtration rates, antioxidant defense system, and redox proteomics in the Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus (Mollusca: Bivalvia). Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 10956–10968 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4328-7

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