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Craniofacial anatomical risk factors in men with obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: a pilot study

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Abstract

Purpose

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is complicated with heart failure (HF); however, the reason for this is not well understood. Craniofacial anatomic risk factors may contribute to OSA pathogenesis in HF patients. However, there are no data about cephalometric findings among OSA patients with HF.

Methods

Consecutive patients with HF and OSA (defined as total apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15/h) were enrolled. As controls, OSA patients without HF but matching the test group in age, BMI, and obstructive AHI were also enrolled.

Results

Overall, 17 OSA patients with HF and 34 OSA patients without HF were compared. There are no significant differences in the characteristics or polysomnographic parameters between 2 groups. In the cephalometric findings, compared with patients without HF, patients with HF showed a significantly greater angle between the line SN to point “A” (SNA) and a longer inferior airway space and greater airway area. However, the tongue area of patients with HF was more than those without HF.

Conclusions

The craniofacial structures of OSA patients with HF were different from those without HF. OSA patients with HF had an upper airway anatomy that is more likely to collapse when sleeping while recumbent, despite having a larger airway space.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Research grants from the Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research.

Funding

Research grants from the Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research.

Conflicts of interest

None to declare

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Ayako Inoshita & Katsuhisa Ikeda

  2. Sleep Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Ayako Inoshita, Takatoshi Kasai, Makiko Takahashi, Satoshi Kasagi, Fusae Kawana & Koji Narui

  3. Cardio-Respiratory Sleep Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan

    Takatoshi Kasai & Fusae Kawana

  4. Clinical Physiology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Makiko Takahashi, Fusae Kawana & Sugao Ishiwata

  5. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroyuki Inoshita

  6. Cardiovascular Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Sugao Ishiwata, Minoru Ohno & Tetsu Yamaguchi

Authors
  1. Ayako Inoshita
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  2. Takatoshi Kasai
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  3. Makiko Takahashi
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  4. Hiroyuki Inoshita
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  5. Satoshi Kasagi
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  6. Fusae Kawana
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  7. Sugao Ishiwata
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  8. Minoru Ohno
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  9. Tetsu Yamaguchi
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  10. Koji Narui
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  11. Katsuhisa Ikeda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takatoshi Kasai.

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Inoshita, A., Kasai, T., Takahashi, M. et al. Craniofacial anatomical risk factors in men with obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: a pilot study. Sleep Breath 18, 439–445 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-013-0906-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-013-0906-4

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