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Differential respiratory control of the upper airway and diaphragm muscles induced by 5-HT1A receptor ligands

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Abstract

Background

Serotonin (5-HT) has a role in respiratory function and dysfunction. Although 5-HT affects respiratory drive to both phrenic and cranial motoneurons, relatively little is known about the role of 5-HT receptor subtypes in the control of upper airway muscle (UAM) respiratory activity.

Materials and methods

Here, we performed central injections of 5-HT1A agonist (8-OHDPAT) or antagonist (WAY100635) in anesthetized rats and analyzed changes in the electromyographic activity of several UAM and other cardiorespiratory parameters. We also compared the pattern of Fos expression induced after central injection of a control solution or 8-OHDPAT.

Results

Results showed that 8-OHDPAT induced a robust increase in UAM activity, associated with either tachypnea under volatile anesthesia or bradypnea under liquid anesthesia. Injection of WAY100635 switched off UAM respiratory activity and led to bradypnea, suggesting a tonic excitatory role of endogenous 5-HT1A receptor activation. Co-injection of the agonist and the antagonist blocked the effects produced by each drug alone. Besides drug-induced changes in respiratory frequency, only slight increases in surface of diaphragm bursts were observed. Significant increases in Fos expression after 5-HT1A receptor activation were seen in the nucleus tractus solitarius, nucleus raphe pallidus, parapyramidal region, retrotrapezoid nucleus, lateral parabrachial, and Kölliker-Fuse nuclei. This restricted pattern of Fos expression likely identified the neural substrate responsible for the enhancement of UAM respiratory activity observed after 8-OHDPAT injection.

Conclusions

These findings suggest an important role for the 5-HT1A receptors in the neural control of upper airway patency and may be relevant to counteract pharyngeal atonia during obstructive sleep apneas.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mrs. Palmer and Martin (Datawave Technology) for their technical assistance in data analysis. This study was supported by grants from Federation ANTADIR (2005) and Sanofi-Aventis (Sleep Research Award “Veille-Sommeil’ French Sleep Research Society Congress, Paris, France 2003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INSERM, ERI27, Université de Caen, CHRU Caen, Explorations Fonctionnelles, Caen, 14000, France

    Stephane Besnard & Pierre Denise

  2. CRN2M, Département de Physiologie Neurovégétative, MP3-Respiration, Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France

    Hanan Khemiri & Christian Gestreau

  3. Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de l’anxiété et de la Dépression, Faculté de Médecine de Nantes, Université de Nantes, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035, Nantes Cedex 1, France

    Fabienne Masse

  4. CHU de Poitiers, Service de Pneumologie, Université de Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86032, Poitiers Cedex, France

    Marion Verdaguer

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  1. Stephane Besnard
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  2. Hanan Khemiri
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Correspondence to Stephane Besnard.

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Besnard, S., Khemiri, H., Masse, F. et al. Differential respiratory control of the upper airway and diaphragm muscles induced by 5-HT1A receptor ligands. Sleep Breath 16, 135–147 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-010-0466-9

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