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Temperature responses of carbon dioxide fluxes from coarse dead wood in a black ash wetland

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Abstract

The invasive emerald ash borer (EAB, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) causes widespread ash tree mortality in North America, and the CO2 efflux (respiration, F) from coarse dead wood (CDW) following the EAB infestation is unknown. We examined seasonal variations in CO2 fluxes from various types of CDW (cut ash stumps, downed logs, and standing girdled dead stems) and the surfaces of soil and live stem in a black ash wetland in which EAB infestation was simulated. Responses of FCDW to seasonal changes in temperature were less sensitive than that of live stems. However, FCDW from the stump and log cross-section were significantly greater than the other component fluxes. The mean CO2 flux from girdled stems was similar to those from soil and live stems. The log and stump cross-sections may function as an unaccounted pathway of CO2 flux following pre-emptive or salvage harvests associated with EAB mitigation. The increases in the amount of CDW and temperature caused by canopy openness and subsequent increased insolation, and potential long-term increase in water level and CDW moisture might accelerate the respirational carbon loss from soil and CDW after black ash wetlands are infested by EAB. These results identify and quantify CO2 pathways in EAB affected wetlands, which can be used to improve respiration modeling and carbon accounting in black ash wetlands.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the journal’s subject-matter editor and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments. This study was funded by USDA Forest Service, US-EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (Grant/Award No. DW-12-92429101-0). We appreciate the experimental support of Michigan Tech’s Ecosystem Science Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA

    Nam Jin Noh, Joseph P. Shannon, Nicholas W. Bolton, Joshua C. Davis & Matthew J. Van Grinsven

  2. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia

    Nam Jin Noh

  3. Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Nicholas W. Bolton

  4. Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, George Mason University, Front Royal, VA, 22630, USA

    Joshua C. Davis

  5. Department of Earth, Environmental, and Geographical Sciences, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, 49855, USA

    Matthew J. Van Grinsven

  6. Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, V2C 0C8, Canada

    Thomas G. Pypker

  7. USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Grand Rapids, MN, 55744, USA

    Randall K. Kolka

  8. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Arcata, CA, 95521, USA

    Joseph W. Wagenbrenner

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  1. Nam Jin Noh
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Correspondence to Nam Jin Noh.

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Fig. S1

Map of the study sites located in the Ottawa National Forest in the western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA. Green lined areas indicate the black ash dominated wetland study sites. (TIFF 45285 kb)

Fig. S2

a Temporal variations in daily mean temperature of air, live stem, soil and CDW at Control site from 20 May through 25 October 2017 and b the range of temperatures for the study period. Box plot lines in (b) present the median, 25th and 75th percentiles, with whiskers at the 5th and 95th percentiles, and outliers shown as points. Significant differences in (b) are represented by different letters (p < 0.05). (TIFF 4683 kb)

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Noh, N.J., Shannon, J.P., Bolton, N.W. et al. Temperature responses of carbon dioxide fluxes from coarse dead wood in a black ash wetland. Wetlands Ecol Manage 27, 157–170 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-018-9649-0

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