Abstract
Nitrite–denitrification anaerobic methane oxidation (nitrite–DAMO) bacteria live in deep layers of freshwater sediments such as rivers and lakes. Humic acid (HA) usually exists in soil and sediments and can act as an electron shuttle or terminal electron acceptor to promote the redox biotransformation of metals and organic molecules. To determine the influence of humic acid on the nitrite–DAMO process, batch experiments were conducted to study the denitrification and methane oxidation capabilities of the nitrite–DAMO system under different humic acid concentrations. The results showed that the denitrification and methane oxidation capacity of the system was continuously promoted at 0–750 mg HA/L, reached the best at 750 mg HA/L, and was suppressed at humic acid concentrations higher than 750 mg HA/L. At 750 mg HA/L, the denitrification rate was 1.06 mg N/(L·d), and the methane oxidation rate was 0.68 mg/(L·d). Under the action of 750 mg/L humic acid, the effect of 15–40 mg N/L nitrite on the denitrification performance of the system was first promoted and then inhibited. When the nitrite concentration was 30 mg N/L, the denitrification rate was the highest, which was 1.15 mg/(L·d). The effect of 75–125 mg/L methane on the system was continuously promoted. When the methane concentration was 125 mg/L, the denitrification rate was 1.22 mg/(L·d). The kinetic analytical results showed that the prediction of the quantitative relationship between the nitrite–DAMO system and humic acid performed by the half-order substrate removal model resulted in a good fit. The denitrification process of the nitrite–DAMO system under the influence of 750 mg/L humic acid conformed to the Monod and Haldane models, and the theoretical optimum denitrification rate was 2.31 mg N/(L·d). Through the analysis of the thermodynamic state of the nitrite–DAMO system, the biomass yield of the nitrite–DAMO bacteria was obtained. The stoichiometric calculation results showed that humic acid (0–2000 mg/L) had a significant impact on the biomass yield of the nitrite–DAMO system. When the addition amount was 750 mg HA/L, the system biomass yield was the highest, but the actual biomass yield of the system was generally low in theory.
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This research was supported by the central government’s specially supported funding for the local colleges and universities (NO. S1701) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province, China (LY21D030003).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Jiao Lv and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Jiao Lv, Juqing Lou, Fan Xu, Mingyang Dai, Xingzhu Hou, and Hao Jin. The paper format modification was completed by Ruyi Wang and Caiyue Teng. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Lv, J., Lou, J., Wang, R. et al. Impact Analysis and Mathematical Modeling of Humic Acid on the Denitrification Process in a Nitrite–Denitrifying Anaerobic Methane Oxidation System. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 23 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-06049-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-06049-y