Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effluent from an NSAID-Manufacturing Plant in Mexico Induces Oxidative Stress on Cyprinus carpio

  • Published:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The development of human society entails increased industrial activity and consequently the release of a large number of chemical substances including solvents, detergents and pharmaceutical products which reach water bodies through the discharge of industrial effluents, damaging the organisms living in these ecosystems. This study aimed to determine oxidative stress induced on the common carp Cyprinus carpio by effluent from a pharmaceutical plant that manufactures nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The median lethal concentration and subsequently the lowest observed adverse effect level were determined. Carp were exposed to the latter value (0.1173 %) for different exposure periods (12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h), and the following biomarkers were evaluated in gill, brain, liver and blood: hydroperoxide content (HPC), lipid peroxidation (LPX), protein carbonyl content (PCC), and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Statistically significant increases with respect to the control group (P < 0.05) were observed in HPC, LPX and PCC particularly in gill of effluent-exposed specimens. SOD, CAT and GPx activity in gill also increased with respect to the control group. This particular industrial effluent is therefore concluded to induce oxidative stress on C. carpio, this damage being most evident in gill.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ajmone-Cat, M. A., Bernardo, A., Greco, A., & Minghetti, L. (2010). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and brain inflammation: effects on microglial functions. Pharmaceuticals, 3(6), 1949–1965.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashton, D., Hilton, M., & Thomas, K. V. (2004). Investigating the environmental transport of human pharmaceuticals to streams in the United Kingdom. Science of the Total Environment, 333(1), 167–184.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azzi, A., Davies, K. J., & Kelly, F. (2004). Free radical biology–terminology and critical thinking. FEBS Letters, 558(1), 3–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baillie, T. A. (2006). Future of toxicology metabolic activation and drug design: challenges and opportunities in chemical toxicology. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 19(7), 889–893.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balcıoğlu, I. A., & Ötker, M. (2003). Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing antibiotics by O3 and O3/H2O2 processes. Chemosphere, 50(1), 85–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barata, C., Varo, I., Navarro, J. C., Arun, S., & Porte, C. (2005). Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia magna exposed to redox cycling compounds. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 140(2), 175–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bebianno, M. J., Serafim, A., Camus, L., Cosson, R. P., & Fiala-Médoni, A. (2005). Antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation in Bathymodiolus azoricus from Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent fields. Aquatic Toxicology, 75(4), 354–373.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bedner, M., & MacCrehan, W. A. (2006). Transformation of acetaminophen by chlorination produces the toxicants 1, 4-benzoquinone and N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine. Environmental Science & Technology, 40(2), 516–522.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bilotta, J., Barnett, J. A., Hancock, L., & Saszik, S. (2004). Ethanol exposure alters zebrafish development: a novel model of fetal alcohol syndrome. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 26(6), 737–743.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanco, G., Martínez, C., García-Martín, E., & Agúndez, J. A. (2005). Cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms and variability in response to NSAIDs. Clinical Research and Regulatory Affairs, 22(2), 57–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72(1), 248–254.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruner, S. D., Norman, D. P., & Verdine, G. L. (2000). Structural basis for recognition and repair of the endogenous mutagen 8-oxoguanine in DNA. Nature, 403(6772), 859–866.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Büege, J. A., & Aust, S. D. (1978). Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods in Enzymology, 52, 302–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burcham, P. C. (2007). Modified protein carbonyl assay detects oxidised membrane proteins: a new tool for assessing drug- and chemically-induced oxidative cell injury. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 56(1), 18–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabiscol, E., Tamarit, J., & Ros, J. (2010). Oxidative stress in bacteria and protein damage by reactive oxygen species. International Microbiology, 3(1), 3–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, G., Örn, S., & Larsson, D. G. (2010). Effluent from bulk drug production is toxic to aquatic vertebrates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 28(12), 2656–2662.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cengiz, E. I., & Unlu, E. (2006). Sublethal effects of commercial deltamethrin on the structure of the gill, liver and gut tissues of mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis: a microscopic study. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 21(3), 246–253.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comeau, F., Surette, C., Brun, G. L., & Losier, R. (2008). The occurrence of acidic drugs and caffeine in sewage effluents and receiving waters from three coastal watersheds in Atlantic Canada. Science of the Total Environment, 396(2), 132–146.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Correa, M., Arizzi, M. N., Betz, A., Mingote, S., & Salamone, J. D. (2003). Open field locomotor effects in rats after intraventricular injections of ethanol and the ethanol metabolites acetaldehyde and acetate. Brain Research Bulletin, 62(3), 197–202.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cserhati, T., Forgács, E., & Oros, G. (2002). Biological activity and environmental impact of anionic surfactants. Environment International, 28(5), 337–348.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dalzell, D. J. B., & Macfarlane, N. A. A. (1999). The toxicity of iron to brown trout and effects on the gills: a comparison of two grades of iron sulphate. Journal of Fish Biology, 55(2), 301–315.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng, A., Himmelsbach, M., Zhu, Q. Z., Frey, S., Sengl, M., Buchberger, W., et al. (2003). Residue analysis of the pharmaceutical diclofenac in different water types using ELISA and GC-MS. Environmental Science & Technology, 37(15), 3422–3429.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doi, H., Iwasaki, H., Masubuchi, Y., Nishigaki, R., & Horie, T. (2002). Chemiluminescence associated with the oxidative metabolism of salicylic acid in rat liver microsomes. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 140(2), 109–119.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton, P. (2006). Protein thiol oxidation in health and disease: techniques for measuring disulfides and related modifications in complex protein mixtures. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 40(11), 1889–1899.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, D. H., Piermarini, P. M., & Choe, K. P. (2005). The multifunctional fish gill: dominant site of gas exchange, osmoregulation, acid–base regulation, and excretion of nitrogenous waste. Physiological Reviews, 85(1), 97–177.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fent, K., Weston, A. A., & Caminada, D. (2006). Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals. Aquatic Toxicology, 76(2), 122–159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Firth, C. A., Yang, Y. T., & Gieseg, S. P. (2007). Lipid oxidation predominates over protein hydroperoxide formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to aqueous peroxyl radicals. Free Radical Research, 41(7), 839–848.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gagné, F., Blaise, C., & André, C. (2006). Occurrence of pharmaceutical products in a municipal effluent and toxicity to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 64(3), 329–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glusczak, L., Miron, D. D. S., Moraes, B. S., Simões, R. R., Schetinger, M. R. C., Morsch, V. M., et al. (2007). Acute effects of glyphosate herbicide on metabolic and enzymatic parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 146(4), 519–524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez-Oliván, L., Carmona-Zepeda, F., Galar-Martínez, M., Téllez-López, A., & Amaya-Chávez, A. (2009). Estudio de automedicación en una farmacia comunitaria de la ciudad de Toluca. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, 40(1), 5–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez-Oliván, L. M., Neri-Cruz, N., Galar-Martínez, M., Vieyra-Reyes, P., García-Medina, S., Razo-Estrada, C., et al. (2012). Assessing the oxidative stress induced by paracetamol spiked in artificial sediment on Hyalella azteca. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 223(1), 5097–5104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Rey, M., & Bebianno, M. J. (2011). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen distresses antioxidant defense system in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis gills. Aquatic Toxicology, 105(3), 264–269.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, G. G., & Williams, K. M. (2004). Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. Aspirin and Related Drugs, 195.

  • Grillo, M. P., Hua, F., Knutson, C. G., Joseph, A., & Li, C. (2003). Mechanistic studies on the bioactivation of diclofenac: identification of diclofenac-S-acyl-glutathione in vitro in incubations with rat and human hepatocytes. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 16(11), 1410–1417.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gunzler, W., & Flohe-Clairborne, A. (1985). Glutathione peroxidase. In R. A. Green-Wald (Ed.), Handbook of methods for oxygen radical research (pp. 285–290). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halliwell, B. (1997). Antioxidants and human disease: a general introduction. Nutrition Reviews, 55(1), S44–S49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halliwell, B. (2006). Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now? Journal of Neurochemistry, 97(6), 1634–1658.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halliwell, B., & Gutteridge, J. M. C. (1999). Free radicals in biology and medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoeger, B., Köllner, B., Dietrich, D. R., & Hitzfeld, B. (2005). Water-borne diclofenac affects kidney and gill integrity and selected immune parameters in brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario). Aquatic Toxicology, 75(1), 53–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Islas-Flores, H., Gómez-Oliván, L. M., Galar-Martínez, M., Colín-Cruz, A., Neri-Cruz, N., & García-Medina, S. (2013). Diclofenac-induced oxidative stress in brain, liver, gill and blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.01.025.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, Z. Y., Hunt, J. V., & Wolff, S. P. (1992). Ferrous ion oxidation in the presence of xylenol orange for detection of lipid hydroperoxide in low density lipoprotein. Analytical Biochemistry, 202(2), 384–389.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jifa, W., Yu, Z., Xiuxian, S., & You, W. (2006). Response of integrated biomarkers of fish (Lateolabrax japonicus) exposed to benzo [a] pyrene and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 65(2), 230–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karan, V., Vitorović, S., Tutundžić, V., & Poleksić, V. (1998). Functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 40(1), 49–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam, M. W., Young, C. J., Brain, R. A., Johnson, D. J., Hanson, M. A., Wilson, C. J., et al. (2009). Aquatic persistence of eight pharmaceuticals in a microcosm study. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 23(6), 1431–1440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levine, R. L., Williams, J. A., Stadtman, E. R., & Shacter, E. (1994). Carbonyl assays for determination of oxidatively modified proteins. Methods in Enzymology, 233, 346–357.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone, D. R. (2003). Oxidative stress in aquatic organisms in relation to pollution and aquaculture. Revue de Médecine Vétérinaire, Toulouse, 154(6), 427–430.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lushchak, V. I. (2011). Environmentally induced oxidative stress in aquatic animals. Aquatic Toxicology, 101(1), 13–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mehinto, A. C., Hill, E. M., & Tyler, C. R. (2010). Uptake and biological effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical diclofenac in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Environmental Science & Technology, 44(6), 2176–2182.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, H., Prasad, R., Wilson, S. H., Johnson, F., & Grollman, A. P. (2000). 8-oxodGTP incorporation by DNA polymerase beta is modified by active-site residue Asn279. Biochemistry, 39, 1029–1033.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miranda, M. A., Morera, I., Vargas, F., Gómez-Lechón, M. J., & Castell, J. V. (1991). In vitro assessment of the phototoxicity of anti-inflammatory 2-arylpropionic acids. Toxicology in Vitro, 5(5), 451–455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Misra, H. P., & Fridovich, I. (1972). The role of superoxide anion in the autoxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 247(10), 3170–3175.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montague, P. (2006). Drugs in the water. Rachel’s Environmental Health Weekly, 614(1), 15–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mycek, M. J., Harvey, R. A., & Champe, P. C. (2004). Farmacología. Mexico, DF: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Negre-Salvayre, A., Auge, N., Ayala, V., Basaga, H., Boada, J., Brenke, R., et al. (2010). Pathological aspects of lipid peroxidation. Free Radical Research, 44(10), 1125–1171.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nunes, B., Gaio, A. R., Carvalho, F., & Guilhermino, L. (2008). Behaviour and biomarkers of oxidative stress in Gambusia holbrooki after acute exposure to widely used pharmaceuticals and a detergent. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71(2), 341–354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oviedo-Gómez, D. G. C., Galar-Martínez, M., García-Medina, S., Razo-Estrada, C., & Gómez-Oliván, L. M. (2010). Diclofenac-enriched artificial sediment induces oxidative stress in Hyalella azteca. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 29(1), 39–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvez, S., & Raisuddin, S. (2005). Protein carbonyls: novel biomarkers of exposure to oxidative stress-inducing pesticides in freshwater fish Channa punctata (Bloch). Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 20(1), 112–117.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Radi, R., Turrens, J. F., Chang, L. Y., Bush, K. M., Crapo, J. D., & Freeman, B. A. (1991). Detection of catalase in rat heart mitochondria. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 266(32), 22028–22034.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, D. J. (1995). Toxicity of oxygen. In F. DeMatters & L. L. Smith (Eds.), Molecular and cellular mechanisms of toxicity (pp. 35–68). Boca Raton: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, S. D. (2009). Water analysis: emerging contaminants and current issues. Analytical Chemistry, 81(12), 4645–4677.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruas, C. B. G., Carvalho, C. D. S., de Araújo, H. S. S., Espíndola, E. L. G., & Fernandes, M. N. (2008). Oxidative stress biomarkers of exposure in the blood of cichlid species from a metal-contaminated river. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 71(1), 86–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sali, T. (2005). Prostaglandins. In H. W. Vohr (Ed.), Encyclopedic reference of immunotoxicology (pp. 537–540). Heidelberg: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Santos, L. H., Araújo, A. N., Fachini, A., Pena, A., Delerue-Matos, C., & Montenegro, M. C. B. S. M. (2010). Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 175(1), 45–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarasquete, C., & Segner, H. (2000). Cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) in teleostean fishes. A review of immunohistochemical studies. Science of the Total Environment, 247(2), 313–332.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwaiger, J., Ferling, H., Mallow, U., Wintermayr, H., & Negele, R. D. (2004). Toxic effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac: Part I: histopathological alterations and bioaccumulation in rainbow trout. Aquatic Toxicology, 68(2), 141–150.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sevcikova, M., Modra, H., Slaninova, A., & Svobodova, Z. (2011). Metals as a cause of oxidative stress in fish: a review. Veterinary Medicine, 56, 537–546.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siemens, J., Huschek, G., Siebe, C., & Kaupenjohann, M. (2008). Concentrations and mobility of human pharmaceuticals in the world’s largest wastewater irrigation system, Mexico City-Mezquital Valley. Water Research, 42(8), 2124–2134.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sirisattha, S., Momose, Y., Kitagawa, E., & Iwahashi, H. (2004). Toxicity of anionic detergents determined by Saccharomyces cerevisiae microarray analysis. Water Research, 38(1), 61–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stegeman, J. J., & Livingstone, D. R. (1998). Forms and functions of cytochrome P450. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology & Endocrinology, 121, 1–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stephensen, E., Svavarsson, J., Sturve, J., Ericson, G., Adolfsson-Erici, M., & Förlin, L. (2000). Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius), caught in four harbours on the southwest coast of Iceland. Aquatic Toxicology, 48(4), 431–442.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stülten, D., Zühlke, S., Lamshöft, M., & Spiteller, M. (2008). Occurrence of diclofenac and selected metabolites in sewage effluents. Science of the Total Environment, 405(1), 310–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sui, Q., Huang, J., Deng, S., Yu, G., & Fan, Q. (2010). Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals, caffeine and DEET in wastewater treatment plants of Beijing, China. Water Research, 44(2), 417–426.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tauxe-Wuersch, A., De Alencastro, L. F., Grandjean, D., & Tarradellas, J. (2005). Occurrence of several acidic drugs in sewage treatment plants in Switzerland and risk assessment. Water Research, 39(9), 1761–1772.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ternes, T. A., Joss, A., & Siegrist, H. (2004). Peer reviewed: scrutinizing pharmaceuticals and personal care products in wastewater treatment. Environmental Science & Technology, 38(20), 392A–399A.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tixier, C., Singer, H. P., Oellers, S., & Müller, S. R. (2003). Occurrence and fate of carbamazepine, clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen in surface waters. Environmental Science & Technology, 37(6), 1061–1068.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valavanidis, A., Vlahogianni, T., Dassenakis, M., & Scoullos, M. (2006). Molecular biomarkers of oxidative stress in aquatic organisms in relation to toxic environmental pollutants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 64(2), 178–189.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valko, M., Leibfritz, D., Moncol, J., Cronin, M. T., Mazur, M., & Telser, J. (2007). Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 39(1), 44–84.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Oost, R., Beyer, J., & Vermeulen, N. P. (2003). Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13(2), 57–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vlahogianni, T., Dassenakis, M., Scoullos, M. J., & Valavanidis, A. (2007). Integrated use of biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation) in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis for assessing heavy metals’ pollution in coastal areas from the Saronikos Gulf of Greece. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54(9), 1361–1371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vree, T. B., Van Den Biggelaar-Martea, M., & Verwey-van Wissen, C. P. W. G. M. (1992). Determination of naproxen and its metabolite O-desmethylnaproxen with their acyl glucuronides in human plasma and urine by means of direct gradient high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 578(2), 239–249.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm Filho, D., Torres, M. A., Zaniboni-Filho, E., & Pedrosa, R. C. (2005). Effect of different oxygen tensions on weight gain, feed conversion, and antioxidant status in piapara, Leporinus elongates (Valenciennes, 1847). Aquaculture, 244(1), 349–357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm, E. A., Jesse, C. R., Leite, M. R., & Nogueira, C. W. (2009). Studies on preventive effects of diphenyl diselenide on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Pathophysiology, 16(1), 31–37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, D., & Cederbaum, A. I. (2005). Oxidative stress mediated toxicity exerted by ethanol-inducible CYP2E1. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 207(2), 70–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, M., Chaudhary, A., Khan, I. A., & Dasmahapatra, A. K. (2008). Ethanol teratogenesis in Japanese medaka: effects at the cellular level. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 149(1), 191–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamanaka, H., Sogabe, A., Handoh, I. C., & Kawabata, Z. (2011). The effectiveness of clove oil as an anaesthetic on adult common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 10(2), 210–213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, L., Yu, L. E., & Ray, M. B. (2008). Degradation of paracetamol in aqueous solutions by TiO2 photocatalysis. Water Research, 42(13), 3480–3488.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zanger, U. M., Turpeinen, M., Klein, K., & Schwab, M. (2008). Functional pharmacogenetics/genomics of human cytochromes P450 involved in drug biotransformation. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 392(6), 1093–1108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zuccato, E., Calamari, M., Natangelo, R., & Fanelli, R. (2000). Presence of therapeutic drugs in the environment. Lancet, 355, 1789–1790.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zuccato, E., Castiglioni, S., & Fanelli, R. (2005). Identification of the pharmaceuticals for human use contaminating the Italian aquatic environment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 122(3), 205–209.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zwiener, C., Seeger, S., Glauner, T., & Frimmel, F. (2002). Metabolites from the biodegradation of pharmaceutical residues of ibuprofen in biofilm reactors and batch experiments. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 372(4), 569–575.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was made possible by support from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT-Mexico, Project 151665), as well as the Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (SIP-IPN) Project 20121226.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, México

    Nely SanJuan-Reyes, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Hariz Islas-Flores & Nadia Neri-Cruz

  2. Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340, México DF, México

    Marcela Galar-Martínez & Sandra García-Medina

  3. Laboratorio de Neurofisiología de la Conducta, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan intersección Jesús Carranza s/n. Col. Moderna de la Cruz, 50180, Toluca, Estado de México, México

    Patricia Vieyra-Reyes

Authors
  1. Nely SanJuan-Reyes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marcela Galar-Martínez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Patricia Vieyra-Reyes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sandra García-Medina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hariz Islas-Flores
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Nadia Neri-Cruz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

SanJuan-Reyes, N., Gómez-Oliván, L.M., Galar-Martínez, M. et al. Effluent from an NSAID-Manufacturing Plant in Mexico Induces Oxidative Stress on Cyprinus carpio . Water Air Soil Pollut 224, 1689 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1689-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1689-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation