Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Analysis of the genetic diversity of the lymphocystis virus and its evolutionary relationship with its hosts

  • Published:
Virus Genes Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease. In this study, the mcp gene of LCDV and the cyt b gene of the host fish were selected as molecular markers, and the phylogenetic relationships between LCDV and its host were analyzed. The 25 LCDV isolates examined in this study were attributed to seven LCDV genotypes: genotype I (LCDV-1), genotype II (LCDV-cn, etc.), genotype III (LCDV-rf), genotype IV (LCDV-rc and LCDV-sb), genotype V (LCDV-cb), genotype VI (LCDV-tl), and genotype VII (LCDV-sa). Genotype VII is a new genotype. LCDV1 was found to have differentiated first, followed by LCDV-rf; then LCDV-tl; LCDV-cb; and then LCDV-sa; and by LCDV-rc and LCDV-sb; and finally by LCDV-cn, LCDV-C, and LCDV-jf. From the host evolutionary perspective, Rachycentron canadum was found to have differentiated first, followed by Trichogaster leeri, Chanda baculis, and Sebastes schlegeli, Lateolabrax sp., Sparus aurata, Platichthys flesus, and Paralichthys olivaceus. Comparison of the phylogenies of the host fish species and LCDVs revealed no significant evidence of cospeciation between LCDVs and their host fish. In-depth studies of the genetic variation in LCDVs can enhance our understanding of the mechanism of LCDV infection, which may provide important insights into the prevention and treatment of lymphocystis disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. K. Wolf, Lymphocystis disease. In: Fish Viruses and Fish Viral Diseases (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1988), pp. 268–291

  2. X.Q. Sun, L.Y. Qu, J.X. Zhang, High Technol. Lett. 9, 19–21 (2000). in Chinese

    Google Scholar 

  3. X.Y. Yan, X.Q. Sun, S.Q. Wu, S.Q. Wu, J.X. Zhang, X.G. Hong, F.R. Zheng, L.Y. Qu, High Technol. Lett. 17(10), 1087–1091 (2007). In Chinese

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. X.Z. Sheng, W.B. Zhan, Y. Wang, Dis. Aquat. Organ 75(1), 23–28 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R. Walker, Virology 18, 503–505 (1962)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. L.O. Zwillenberg, K. Wolf, J. Virol. 2, 393–399 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. G. Darai, K. Anders, H.G. Koch, H. Delius, H. Gelderblom, C. Samalecos, R.M. Flügel, Virology 126, 466–479 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. G. Darai, H. Delius, J. Clarke, H. Apfel, P. Schnitzler, R.M. Flügel, Virology 146, 292–301 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. P. Schnitzler, G. Darai, J. Gen. Virol. 74, 2143–2150 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. C.A. Tidona, G. Darai, Virology 230, 207–216 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Q.Y. Zhang, X. Feng, X. Jian, Z.Q. Li, J.F. Gui, J. Virol. 5, 6982–6994 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. C.A. Tidona, P. Schnitzler, R. Kehm, G. Darai, Virus Genes 16, 59–66 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. T. Williams, V. Barbosa-Solomieu, V.G. Chinchar, Adv. Virus Res. 65, 173–248 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. S.I. Kitamura, S.J. Jung, W.S. Kim, T. Nishizawa, M. Yoshimizu, M.J. Oh, Arch. Virol. 151, 607–615 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Hossain, J.Y. Song, S.I. Kitamura, S.J. Jung, M.J. Oh, J. Fish Dis. 31, 473–479 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Kvitt, G. Heinisch, A. Diamant, Aquaculture 275(1–4), 58–63 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. I. Cano, E.J. Valverde, B. Lopez-Jimena, M.C. Alonso, E. Garcia-Rosado, C. Sarasquete, J.J. Borrego, D. Castro, J. Fish Dis. 33(8), 695–700 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Briolay, N. Galtier, R.M. Brito, Y. Bouvet, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 9(1), 100–108 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. D.L. Reed, K.E. Carpenter, M.J. de Gravelle, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 23(3), 513–524 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Schönhuth, R.L. Mayden, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 55(1), 77–98 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. X.Z. Fu, C.B. Shi, N.Q. Li, H.J. Pan, O.Q. Chang, S.Q. Wu, Bing Du Xue Bao 23(5), 412–416 (2007)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. T.J. Kim, T.S. Jung, J.I. Lee, J. Fish Dis 30(11), 691–699 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. C.T. Tasai, J.W. Ting, M.H. Wu, M.F. Wu, I.C. Guo, C.Y. Chang, J. Virol. 79(4), 2010–2023 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. F.J.C. Avise, Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution (Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, 2004), pp. 60–68

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Saitoh, K. Hayashizaki, Y. Yokoyama, T. Asahida, H. Toyohara, Y. Yamashita, J. Hered. 91(4), 271–278 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. I.C. Kim, J.S. Lee, Mol. Cells 17(2), 322–328 (2004)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. L. Rüber, R. Britz, H.H. Tan, P.K. Ng, R. Zardoya, Evolution 58(4), 799–813 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Zardoya, A. Meyer, Genetics 146(3), 995–1010 (1997)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. J. Sambrook, D.W. Russell, in Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd edn. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, 2001), p. 461

  30. K. Tamura, J. Dudley, M. Nei, S. Kumar, Mol. Biol. Evol. 24, 1596–1599 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. J. Rozas, R. Rozas, Bioinformatics 15, 174–175 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. D. Posada, K.A. Crandall, Bioinformatics 14(9), 817–818 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. J.P. Huelsenbeck, F. Ronquist, Bioinformatics 17(8), 754–755 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. D.L. Swofford, PAUP: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony and Other Methods (Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  35. M.A. Charleston, Adv. Parasitol. 54, 303–330 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. R.D.M. Page, Syst. Biol. 43, 58–77 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  37. R.D.M. Page, TREEMAP 3.0, application for Apple Macintosh (2009)

  38. C. Infante, G. Catanese, M. Manchado, Mar. Biotechnol. (NY) 6(6), 612–624 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. T.J. Near, B.P. Keck, Mol. Ecol. 14(11), 3485–3496 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. B.P. Keck, T.J. Near, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46(2), 708–820 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. B.P. Keck, T.J. Near, Mol. Ecol. 19(22), 5030–5042 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. B.P. Keck, T.J. Near, Evolution 64(5), 1410–1428 (2010)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. W.L. Huang, in Molecular virology (People’s Medical Publishing House, Beijing, 2002), pp. 8–10

  44. Q.H. Li, L. Jiang, in The Molecular Biology of Viral Infection (Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2004), pp. 6–13

  45. P. Arauz-Ruiz, H. Norder, B.H. Robertson, L.O. Maqnius, J. Gen. Virol. 83(Pt 8), 2059–2073 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. M. Pérez-Losada, R.G. Christensen, D.A. McClellan, B.J. Adams, R.P. Viscidi, J.C. Demma, K.A. Crandall, J. Virol. 80(12), 5663–5669 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Torch Program in China (Grant no. 2008GA780013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Guangdong Ocean University, No. 40 Jiefangdong Road, Zhanjiang, 524025, China

    Xiu-Ying Yan, Zao-He Wu, Ji-Chang Jian & Yi-Shan Lu

  2. First Institute of Oceanography SOA, 6 Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061, China

    Xiu-qin Sun

Authors
  1. Xiu-Ying Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zao-He Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ji-Chang Jian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yi-Shan Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiu-qin Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiu-Ying Yan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yan, XY., Wu, ZH., Jian, JC. et al. Analysis of the genetic diversity of the lymphocystis virus and its evolutionary relationship with its hosts. Virus Genes 43, 358–366 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0646-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-011-0646-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation