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Characterizing the landscape compositions of urban wildlife encounters: the case of the stone marten (Martes foina), the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in the Greater Paris area

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Abstract

As urbanization continues to expand worldwide, more and more urban areas become home to wild animals able to adapt to city life, generating a growing need for information. In the Greater Paris area, the existence of three wild mammals (the stone marten, Martes foina, the red fox, Vulpes vulpes and the hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus) is attested. However, little is known regarding their presence. The research reported in this study aims to shed light upon their co-existence with city dwellers. Specifically, the areas where contacts between these species and the inhabitants are the most likely are studied. Gaining insight on the distribution of such areas allows for those in charge of wildlife-related issues to target where management measures may be needed the most, whether they concern biodiversity promotion initiatives or conflict mitigation actions. In this paper, we investigate the landscape compositions in which these encounters have been the most frequent using presence records. To do so, we analyzed the land use types within buffers set around contact points and applied statistical operations (correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering) on the obtained results. Results show that while some landscape compositions attract all three species (namely areas where greenery is prevailing), others were only favored by one or two of the species.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the anonymous reviewer for the most helpful and constructive comments that greatly improved this paper. The authors are grateful to the different organizations who provided the observation data: la Direction Régionale et Interdépartementale de l’Environnement et de l’Energie d’Île-de-France, le Conseil Général des Hauts-de-Seine, la Direction des Espaces verts et de l’Environnement de la Ville de Paris, l’Observatoire Départemental de la Biodiversité Urbaine de la Seine-Saint-Denis, l’Agence Régionale de la Biodiversité d’Île-de-France (formerly called Natureparif), la Ligue de Protection des Oiseaux (LPO-Corif) and le Centre hospitalier universitaire Vétérinaire Faune Sauvage de l’Ecole vétérinaire d’Alfort (formerly called Centre d’Accueil de la Faune Sauvage de l’Ecole Vétérinaire de Maisons-Alfort). The authors wish to thank Sarah Bortolamiol and Richard Raymond for their constructive comments and Baptiste Lafont for his work during his internship.

Funding

This work has received financial support from the LabEx DynamiTe (ANR-11-LABX-0046), as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université Paris-1 Panthéon Sorbonne, Ladyss UMR CNRS 7533, Campus Condorcet, Bat. Recherche Sud, 5, cours des Humanités, 93322, Aubervilliers Cedex, France

    Mary Capon & Laurent Simon

  2. IRD (MàD par le CNRS), Prodig UMR CNRS 8586, Campus Condorcet, Bat. Recherche Sud, 5, cours des Humanités, 93322, Aubervilliers Cedex, France

    Benjamin Lysaniuk

  3. Université Paris-8 Vincennes - Saint-Denis, Ladyss UMR CNRS 7533, 2, Rue de la Liberté, F-93526, Saint-Denis Cedex 02, France

    Vincent Godard

  4. Université de Paris, Ladyss UMR CNRS 7533, 5, rue Thomas Mann, 75013, Paris, France

    Céline Clauzel

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  1. Mary Capon
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  2. Benjamin Lysaniuk
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  3. Vincent Godard
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  4. Céline Clauzel
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  5. Laurent Simon
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Correspondence to Mary Capon.

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Appendix 1

Appendix 1

Fig. 2
figure 2

Biplot of results of the correspondence analysis, Dimensions 1 and 2 before removing the outlier 2003_0

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Fig. 3
figure 3

Cluster dendrogram (a) and inertia bar chart (b) obtained by hierarchical clustering on the correspondence analysis results for the stone marten

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Fig. 4
figure 4

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the stone marten, factors 1 and 2

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Fig. 5
figure 5

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the stone marten, factors 3 and 4

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Fig. 6
figure 6

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the stone marten, factors 4 and 5

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Fig. 7
figure 7

Cluster dendrogram (a) and inertia bar chart (b) obtained by hierarchical clustering on the correspondence analysis results for the fox

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Fig. 8
figure 8

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the fox, factors 1 and 2

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Fig. 9
figure 9

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the fox, factors 3 and 4

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Fig. 10
figure 10

Cluster dendrogram (a) and inertia bar chart (b) obtained by hierarchical clustering on the correspondence analysis results for the hedgehog

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Fig. 11
figure 11

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the hedgehog, factors 1 and 2

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Fig. 12
figure 12

Symmetric plot of the correspondence analysis’ results for the hedgehog, factors 3 and 4

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Capon, M., Lysaniuk, B., Godard, V. et al. Characterizing the landscape compositions of urban wildlife encounters: the case of the stone marten (Martes foina), the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) in the Greater Paris area. Urban Ecosyst 24, 885–903 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-01071-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-01071-6

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