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Impact of heat stress on genetic evaluation of oocyte and embryo production in Gir dairy cattle

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Abstract

Identifying and selecting genotypes tolerant to heat stress might improve reproductive traits in dairy cattle, including oocyte and embryo production. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was used, via random regression models, to investigate the impact of heat stress on genetic parameters and breeding values of oocyte and embryo production in Gir dairy cattle. We evaluated records of total oocytes (TO), viable oocytes (VO), cleaved embryos (CE), and viable embryos (VE) from dairy Gir donors. Twenty-four models were tested, considering age at ovum pick-up (AOPU) and THI means as a regressor in the genetic evaluation. We computed THI in eight periods, from 0 to 112 days before ovum pick-up, which were adjusted by different orders of Legendre polynomials (second, third, and fourth). The best-fit model according to Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) and Model Posterior Probabilities (MPP) considered Legendre polynomials of third order and THI means of 112 days for TO, fourth order and 56 days for VO, second order and 28 days for CE, and second order and 42 days for VE, respectively. The heritability (h2) estimates across AOPU and THI scales ranged from 0.34 to 0.62 for TO, 0.31 to 0.58 for VO, 0.26 to 0.39 for CE, and 0.15 to 0.26 for VE, respectively. The fraction of the phenotypic variance explained by the permanent environment in different AOPU and THI scales ranged from 0.03 to 0.25 for TO, 0.05 to 0.26 for VO, 0.09 to 0.36 for CE, and 0.15 to 0.27 for VE, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlation between the estimated breeding values in different AOPU and THI scale from the top 5% sires and females ranged from 0.18 to 0.90 for TO, 0.31 to 0.95 for VO, 0.14 to 0.85 for CE, and 0.47 to 0.94 for VE, respectively. The h2 estimates for all evaluated traits varied from moderate to high magnitude across AOPU and THI scales, indicating that genetic selection can result in rapid genetic progress for the evaluated traits. There was a reranking among the best animals in different AOPU and THI. It is possible to select dairy Gir cattle tolerant to heat stress to improve oocyte and embryo production.

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Data availability

The datasets analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to the data provider's request.

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Funding

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES; Finance Code 001) – Brasil, for funding this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no 7.712, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91540-000, Brazil

    Giovani Luis Feltes, Alexandra Fabielle Pereira Viana & Jaime Araújo Cobuci

  2. Associação Brasileira dos Criadores de Girolando, Uberaba, MG, Brasil

    Renata Negri

  3. Swine Business Unit, Hendrix Genetics, Boxmeer, Netherlands

    Fernanda Santos Silva Raidan

  4. Universidade de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brasil

    Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Feres

  5. Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

    Virgínia Mara Pereira Ribeiro

Authors
  1. Giovani Luis Feltes
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  2. Renata Negri
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  3. Fernanda Santos Silva Raidan
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  4. Alexandra Fabielle Pereira Viana
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  5. Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Feres
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  6. Virgínia Mara Pereira Ribeiro
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  7. Jaime Araújo Cobuci
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Contributions

GLF, RN, FSSR and JAC conceived and designed research. GLF, RN, AFPV and JAC conducted analyzed data. GLF, RN, FSSR, LFRF, VMPR, and JAC wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jaime Araújo Cobuci.

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This is an observational study. The Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul- UFRGS Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Feltes, G.L., Negri, R., Raidan, F.S.S. et al. Impact of heat stress on genetic evaluation of oocyte and embryo production in Gir dairy cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 56, 7 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03850-7

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