Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, and myostatin gene expression in Aseel chicken fed varied levels of dietary protein in isocaloric energy diets

  • Regular Articles
  • Published:
Tropical Animal Health and Production Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding different crude protein (CP) levels with isocaloric metabolizable energy (ME) diets on growth performance, carcass traits, and myostatin (MSTN) gene expression of Aseel chicken during 0 to 16 weeks of age. A total of two hundred and ten day-old Aseel chickens were randomly allotted to seven dietary treatment groups. Each group had thirty chicks distributed into three replicates of ten chicks in each. Experimental diets were formulated to have varying levels of CP, viz. 18.5, 19.0, 19.5, 20.0, 20.5, 21.0, and 21.5%, with isocaloric energy of 2800 kcal ME/kg diets of mash feed fed to birds in a completely randomized design. Different CP levels had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the body weight gain (BWG) of Aseel chicken. At the end of 16 weeks of age, the group fed 21% CP gained 223.53 g more than the lowest CP (18.5%)–fed group. The different CP levels did not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced the feed intake of all treatment groups, but numerically highest feed intake was observed in the lowest CP (18.5%)–fed group. However, significant differences in feed efficiency (FE) appeared from the 13th week only with the 21.0% CP–fed group showing the best FE until the 16th week (3.86 to 4.06). The maximum dressing % (70.61) was observed by the 21% CP–fed group. The CP 21% diet down-regulated the MSTN gene expression in breast muscle tissue to 0.07 folds when compared to the diet of CP 20%. The best economical coordinates for maximum performance for Aseel chicken appeared to be CP of 21% and ME of 2800 kcal/kg to achieve the best FE of 3.86 at the earliest age of 13 weeks. In conclusion, 21% CP in an isocaloric diet of 2800 kcal ME/kg, in Aseel chickens, would be optimum to improve the growth performance at maximum in terms of BWG and FE up to 16 weeks of age.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  • Barzegar, S., Wu, S., Noblet, J., Choct, M., Swick, R., 2019. Energy efficiency and net energy prediction of feed in laying hens. Poultry Science, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez362.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Batool, T., Roohi N., Mahmud, A., 2018. Effect of different dietary lysine regimens on slaughter and carcass characteristics of indigenous Aseel chicken. Punjab University Journal of Zoology, 33(2): 183-191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya, T., Chatterjee, R., 2013. Polymorphism of the myostatin gene and its association with growth traits in chicken. Poultry Science, 92, 910-915.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chandra Deo, Elangovan A.V., Mandal, A. B., 2014. Optimizing energy, protein and amino acid needs in diet of starting and growing Kadaknath chicks. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 49(1): 34-37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deepak, N., Preetam, V.C., Rajkumar, U., Gnana Prakash, M., Alexande, G., 2017. Evaluation of Dietary Energy and Protein Requirements of an Improved Backyard Chicken Variety (Rajasri) in its Juvenile Phase. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition, 34: 208-213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dridi S., Anthony Kong, N.B.W., Bottje, W., 2015. Feed efficiency: A key production trait and a global challenge. Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences, 1(3): 11-13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, D. B., 1955. Multiple range and multiple ‘F’ test. Biometrics., 11: 1- 42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elangovan, A. V., Chandra Deo, Mandal, A. B., Singh, D. P., Shirvastava, H. P., 2004. Protein requirements of growing (12–20 weeks) Naked neck x CARI-Red (Hitcari) and Frizzle × CARI-Red (Upcari) pullets. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 39(1): 61–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO., 2013. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Poultry Development Review. pp-iii.

  • Haunshi, S., Rajkumar, U., 2020. Native chicken production in India: present status and challenges. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 32: 181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haunshi, S., Niranjan, M., Shanmugam, M., Padhi, M.K., Reddy, M.R., Sunitha, R., Rajkumar, U., Panda, A.K., 2011. Characterization of two Indian native chicken breeds for production, egg and semen quality, and welfare traits. Poultry Science, 90: 314-320.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haunshi, S., Panda, A. K., Rajkumar, U., Padhi, M. K., Niranjan, M., Chatterjee, R. N., 2012. Effect of feeding different levels of energy and protein on performance of Aseel breed of chicken during juvenile phase. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 44(7): 1653-1658.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haunshi, S., Shanmugam, M., Rajkumar, U., Padhi, M. K., Niranjan, M., 2015. Characterization of Ghagus breed vis-a-vis PD–4 birds for production, adaptability, semen and egg quality traits. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 85(12): 1338–1342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidayat, C., Iskandar, S., Sartika, T., Wardhani, T., 2016. Growth response of improved native breeds of chicken to diets differed in energy and protein content. Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 21(3): 174-181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamble, P., Kadam, M., Khose, K., Patil, A., Rathod, P., 2019. Optimization of Dietary Protein and Energy Requirement of Kadaknath Chicken During the Starter Phase. Journal of Animal Research, 9(1): 135-141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lassiter, K., Byungwhi Caleb, K., Piekarski-Welsher, A., Dridi, S., Bottje, W.G., 2019. Gene Expression Essential for Myostatin Signaling and Skeletal Muscle Development Is Associated with Divergent Feed Efficiency in Pedigree Male Broilers. Frontiers in Physiology, 10126.

  • Liu, C., Fu, J., Lin, S., Wang, X., Li, S., 2014. Effects of dietary selenium deficiency on mRNA levels of twenty-one selenoprotein genes in the liver of layer chicken. Biological Trace Element Research, 159(3): 192–198.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, L. X., Dou, T. F., Li, Q. H., Rong, H., Tong, H. Q., Xu, Z. Q., Huang, Y., Gu, D. H., Chen, X.B., Ge, C.R., Jia, J.J., 2016. Myostatin mRNA expression and its association with body weight and carcass traits in Yunnan Wuding chicken. Genetics and Molecular Research 15 (4): gmr15048967.

  • Mandal, A. B., Elangovan, A. V., Deo Chandra, 2016. Optimizing energy, protein and amino acid needs in diet of starting and growing Aseel chicks. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 25(1): 24-28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manoj Kumar, A., Dahiyaa, S. P., Ratwan, P., 2019. Backyard poultry farming in India: A tool for nutritional security and women empowerment. Biological Rhythm Research, 52(10): 0929-1016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miah, M. Y., Chowdhury, S. D., Bhuiyan, A.K.F.H., 2016. Effect of Different Dietary Levels of Energy on the Growth Performance and Meat Yield of Indigenous Chicken Reared in Confinement under the Rural Condition of Bangladesh. International Journal of Animal Research, 1(1): 53-60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nascimento, C. S., Barbosa, L. T., Brito, C., Fernandes, R. P. M., Mann, R. S., Pinto, A. P. G., Oliveira, H. C., Dodson, M. V., Guimarães, S. E. F., Duarte, M. S., 2015. Identification of suitable reference genes for real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays on pectoralis major muscle in chicken (Gallus gallus), PLoS One, 10(5): e0127935.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • NRC, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Padhi, M. K., 2016. Importance of Indigenous Breeds of Chicken for Rural Economy and Their Improvements for Higher Production Performance. Scientifica, 1 - 9.

  • Perween, S., Kumar, K., Chandramoni, Kumar, S., Singh, P.K., Kumar, M., Dey, A., 2016. Effect of feeding different dietary levels of energy and protein on growth performance and immune status of Vanaraja chicken in the tropic. Veterinary World, 9(8): 893-899.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pfaffl, M. W., 2001. A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT–PCR. Nucleic Acids Research, 29: 45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rabie, M. H., Kh. E. Sherif, Abd El Khalek, A. M., El-Gamal, A.A.A., 2017. Effect of Dietary Energy and Protein on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits of Mamourah Cockerels. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 12(3): 142-151.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rio, C. D., Manuel, A. R., Hannon, G. J., Nilsen, T. W., 2010. Purification of RNA using TRIzol (TRI reagent). RNA: A laboratory manual. CSHL Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.

  • Saxena, V.K., Sundaresan, N.R., Malik, F., Ahmed, K.A., Saxena, M., Kumar, S., Nandedkar, P.V., Singh, R.V., 2007. Temporal expression of transforming growth factor-β2 and myostatin mRNA during embryonic myogenesis in Indian broilers. Research in Veterinary Science, 82: 50–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saxena, R., Saxena , V.K., Tripathi , V., Nasir Akbar Mir, Kapil Dev, Jubeda Begum, Radha Agarwal, Akshat Goel, 2020. Dynamics of gene expression of hormones involved in the growth of broiler chickens in response to the dietary protein and energy changes. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 288: 113377.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, V. P., Pathak, V., 2016. Comparative Assessment of Carcass Traits in Indigenous Chicken. Journal of Animal Research, 6(1): 121-127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilfinger, W.W., Mackey, K., Chomcynski, P., 1997. Effect of pH and ionic strength on the spectrophotometric assessment of nucleic acid purity. Biotechniques. 22: 474-481.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xianghai, Ye., Stewart R Brown, Katia Nones, Luiz L Coutinho, Jack C M Dekkers, Susan J Lamont, 2007. Associations of myostatin gene polymorphisms with performance and mortality traits in broiler chickens. Genetics Selection Evolution, 39: 73–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Y. X., Guo, J., Yoon, S. Y., Jin, Z., Choi, J.Y., Piao, X. S., Kim, B.W., Ohh, S.J., Wang, M.H., Chae, B.J., 2009. Early energy and protein reduction: effects on growth, blood profiles and expression of genes related to protein and fat metabolism in broilers. British Poultry Science, 50(2): 218-227.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, H. M., Wang, W., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, J., Cao, Y. J., Chen, Y. H., 2013. Comparative study of intestine length, weight and digestibility on different body weight chickens. African Journal of Biotechnology, 12(32): 5097-5100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are highly grateful to Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India, for the necessary facilities provided to carry out the research work.

Funding

The research work was supported by Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-51, India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India

    V. Kumaravel, B. Mohan, A. Natarajan, N. Murali, P. Selvaraj & P. Vasanthakumar

Authors
  1. V. Kumaravel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. Mohan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Natarajan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. N. Murali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. P. Selvaraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. P. Vasanthakumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Kumaravel V. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Kumaravel V. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Kumaravel.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

The present study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standard and with the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumaravel, V., Mohan, B., Natarajan, A. et al. Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, and myostatin gene expression in Aseel chicken fed varied levels of dietary protein in isocaloric energy diets. Trop Anim Health Prod 55, 82 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03505-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-023-03505-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation