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Prevalence and risk factors for brucellosis in goats in areas of Mexico with and without brucellosis control campaign

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Abstract

Brucellosis is a major constraint for small-scale goat farming systems in Mexico. This study estimated the prevalence of testing positive to brucellosis and identified and quantified risk factors in goats from small-scale farms of Michoacán that had participated in a brucellosis campaign (i.e. vaccination, serological testing, culling and awareness) and of Jalisco that had negligible brucellosis campaign participation. A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted among 1,713 goats of 83 flocks. The prevalence of testing positive to brucellosis was higher (38 %) in Jalisco than in Michoacán (11 %). Logistic regression analysis indicated that goats from Michoacán had lower odds to test positive for brucellosis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.32, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.21–0.48) compared to goats from Jalisco. Goats in zero-grazing systems had lower odds than goats in grazing systems (OR = 0.22, 95 % CI 0.09–0.57). When goats were kept in pens with low density (0.002 to 0.22 goat/m2), odds was lower (OR = 0.44, 95 % CI 0.28–0.67) compared to goats kept in pens with higher density (0.23 to 1 goat/m2). Odds was higher for testing positive when farmers bought goats from goat traders (OR = 1.82, 95 % CI 1.15–2.87) compared to farmers who did not. If scavenger poultry had access to goat pens, the odds was half (OR = 0.52, 95 % CI 0.33–0.83) of those where poultry had no access. Regular disinfection of the pen reduced the odds (OR = 0.66, 95 % CI 0.44–0.99) compared to where disinfection was not regular. The brucellosis control campaign was effective in reducing brucellosis seropositivity.

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Notes

  1. Our sampling design was not intended to detect prevalence at flock level as such; therefore, we did not include smallest flocks (less than ten goats).

  2. This is about the suggested space for does in pens with an area for exercise 4.5 m2 (Gómez and González et al. 2009).

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Acknowledgments

The National Council for Science and Technology in Mexico (CONACYT) and Foundation Alfa and Omega in The Netherlands sponsored DOM and generously funded this research. The Microbiology Department at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine from UNAM allowed us to do the RBT test at their facilities. Finally, we thank the goat farmers for taking part in this study, their families for their hospitality and the anonymous reviewers for their critical and constructive evaluation.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    David Oseguera Montiel & Klaas Frankena

  2. Animal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 338, 6700AH, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    David Oseguera Montiel, Henk Udo & Akke van der Zijpp

  3. Centro de Estudios Rurales, Colegio de Michoacán, Martínez de Navarrete 505, Col. Las Fuentes, 59699, Zamora, Michoacán, México

    Nícola Maria Keilbach Baer

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  1. David Oseguera Montiel
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  2. Klaas Frankena
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Correspondence to Klaas Frankena.

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Oseguera Montiel, D., Frankena, K., Udo, H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for brucellosis in goats in areas of Mexico with and without brucellosis control campaign. Trop Anim Health Prod 45, 1383–1389 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0375-6

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