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Direct somatic embryogenesis of potato [Solanum tuberosum (L.)] cultivar ‘Kufri Chipsona 2’

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Abstract

Direct somatic embryo induction was achieved from leaf and internodal explants of Solanum tuberosum (L.) cultivar ‘Kufri Chipsona 2’ on Murashige and Skoog (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium containing 10.0 µM silver nitrate (MS1 medium) supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 2.5 µM) and 6-benzyladenine (BA; 1.0 µΜ). It was observed that in absence of AgNO3, friable callus was induced from cut ends of the explants, which does not develop into any kind of organised structure; thus highlighting the requirement of AgNO3 for somatic embryogenesis in potato. Furthermore, the effect of medium strength, sucrose concentration and heat shock treatment on somatic embryogenic potential of explants was also investigated. When the strength of basal medium was reduced to half, the frequency of internodal segments differentiating somatic embryos was almost double in comparison to full strength MS medium. Sucrose concentration and heat shock treatment were found to have interactive effect on somatic embryo induction. Explants subcultured on medium containing 174 mM sucrose and subjected to heat shock (1 h; 50 °C) showed maximum somatic embryo differentiation. Although, the percent explants differentiating somatic embryos decreased sharply with increase in sucrose concentration (> 174 mM), yet the number of somatic embryos differentiated per explant were found to increase with further increase in sucrose concentration. Histological observations revealed that somatic embryos directly developed from epidermis of leaf explant and cut ends of internodal segments progressed from globular to cotyledonary stage after passing through intermediate embryogenic stages (heart shaped and torpedo shaped). Conversion of somatic embryos into plantlets (92%) was achieved on MS1 medium supplemented with BA (10.0 µM) and gibberellic acid (15.0 µM) and all regenerated plants were found to be phenotypically alike.

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Acknowledgements

Amanpreet Kaur is thankful to University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi for the award of Maulana Azad National Fellowship for minority students for the part of this work. Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi is thanked for the financial support to the project (No. 38(1465)/18/EMR-II). TIFAC-CORE is thanked for the facilities to carry out research work.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, 147001, India

    Amanpreet Kaur, M. Sudhakara Reddy & Anil Kumar

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  1. Amanpreet Kaur
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  2. M. Sudhakara Reddy
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  3. Anil Kumar
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AK conducted experiments, complied and analysed data, also wrote the initial draft of manuscript. AK planed and designed experiments and finalised the manuscript. MSR corrected manuscript and helped in statistical analyses.

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Correspondence to Anil Kumar.

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Communicated by Sergio J. Ochatt.

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Kaur, A., Reddy, M.S. & Kumar, A. Direct somatic embryogenesis of potato [Solanum tuberosum (L.)] cultivar ‘Kufri Chipsona 2’. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 134, 457–466 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1435-4

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