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Micropropagation of Asparagus macrorrhizus, a Spanish endemic species in extreme extinction risk

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Abstract

Asparagus macrorrhizus: is a new species, which has been recently described. It is limited to the area surrounding the “Mar Menor” lagoon, in Murcia (Spain), and is the only “Critically Endangered” species of the genus Asparagus. Despite being protected, the number of plants has decreased in the last years due to the urbanization of its natural habitat. This species is a valuable genetic resource for asparagus breeding because of its special characteristics. So, the development of a micropropagation protocol is crucial to its conservation and use in breeding programs. The micropropagation protocol from asparagus rhizome buds previously developed by our research group has been adapted for A. macrorrhizus. Rhizome buds of A. macrorrhizus were extracted, disinfected, and then cultured on Asparagus Rhizome Bud Medium (ARBM) consisting of MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg l− 1 NAA, 0.1 mg l− 1 KIN, 2 mg l− 1 ancymidol and 6% sucrose. A percentage of 69.7 ± 8.0% of the rhizome buds developed shoots, but only 17.4 ± 7.9% of them rooted. To increase this low rooting rate, the shoots were cultured on Macrorrhizus Rooting Media (MRM) supplemented with three different concentrations of IBA. The highest rooting rate (55.0 ± 7.9%) was reached when shoots were incubated in MRM-2 consisting of MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l− 1 IBA and 4% sucrose. The acclimatization rate of the micropropagated plantlets was 90%. The method developed in this study allows the micropropagation of A. macrorrhizus, offering a new option to preserve this almost extinct species.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank to the Official Nursery of the Directorate General for the Environment belonging to the Council of Agriculture and Water of the Region of Murcia (Spain) for facilitating the plants of A. macrorrhizus used in this work. This study was funded by “Junta de Andalucía” (Project of Excellence AGR3648). INMIBO Publication No. 216. Doctor Regalado Gonzalez is a Post-Doctoral Fellow at CONICET.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biotecnología, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, (CSIC-UMA), 29750, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain

    J. J. Regalado, E. Carmona-Martin, M. López-Granero & C. L. Encina

  2. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Laboratorio de Cultivo Experimental de Plantas y Microalgas, No. 68, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    J. J. Regalado

  3. CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Micología y Botánica (INMIBO), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    J. J. Regalado

  4. Dpto. Genética, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. C-5, 14071, Córdoba, Spain

    P. Castro

  5. Dpto. Fitoquímica de Alimentos. Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) – Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46. Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain

    A. Jiménez-Araujo

Authors
  1. J. J. Regalado
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  2. E. Carmona-Martin
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  3. M. López-Granero
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  4. A. Jiménez-Araujo
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  5. P. Castro
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  6. C. L. Encina
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Contributions

RJJ and CME developed the micropropagation protocol. LGM collaborated in experimental tasks. RJJ, CP and JAA wrote the manuscript. CP was in charge of editing English. ECL supervised the experimental tasks and the writing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to J. J. Regalado.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Communicated by M. I. Beruto.

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Regalado, J.J., Carmona-Martin, E., López-Granero, M. et al. Micropropagation of Asparagus macrorrhizus, a Spanish endemic species in extreme extinction risk. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 132, 573–578 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1346-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-017-1346-9

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