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Proposal of Spinulacorpus biforme (Smales, 2014) n. g., n. comb. and the Spinulacorpidae n. fam. to resolve paraphyly of the acanthocephalan family Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912

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Abstract

Previous phylogenetic analyses of the Acanthocephala have demonstrated that the families Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912 and Transvenidae Pichelin & Cribb, 2001 are sister clades. However, a recent study found that the Rhadinorhynchidae is paraphyletic, due to the basal position of Rhadinorhynchus biformis Smales, 2014 relative to the Rhadinorhynchidae + Transvenidae. We reassess these relationships with new single-gene and concatenated phylogenetic analyses utilising cox1 mtDNA, 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA, including recently available sequences. Although topologies differed among single-gene analyses, the overall results support R. biformis as representative of a lineage distinct from those of the Rhadinorhynchidae and Transvenidae. Examination of additional specimens of R. biformis allowed us to identify morphological characters that further support this hypothesis. These results lead us to propose transfer of R. biformis to a new genus (Spinulacorpus n. g.) and family (Spinulacorpidae n. fam.) to resolve the paraphyly of the Rhadinorhynchidae.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff of the Moreton Bay Research Station (University of Queensland) for their ongoing support of our work and the past and present members of the Marine Parasitology Laboratory (UQ) for assisting with collections over the years. We thank Drs Storm Martin and Tom Cribb for reading and providing comments on early drafts of the manuscript.

Funding

Collections within Moreton Bay were part of a larger effort to characterise the metazoan parasite fauna of fishes from that region and were funded by an ABRS grant (RF215-40) awarded to Drs Thomas Cribb and Scott Cutmore (University of Queensland).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, The University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7005, Australia

    Daniel C. Huston

  2. Parasitology Section, South Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

    Lesley R. Smales

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  1. Daniel C. Huston
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Correspondence to Daniel C. Huston.

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Huston, D.C., Smales, L.R. Proposal of Spinulacorpus biforme (Smales, 2014) n. g., n. comb. and the Spinulacorpidae n. fam. to resolve paraphyly of the acanthocephalan family Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912. Syst Parasitol 97, 477–490 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09923-7

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