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Cryptic species of Euryakaina n. g. (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae) from sympatric lutjanids in the Indo-West Pacific

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Abstract

A survey of the endohelminth fauna of Indo-West Pacific Lutjanidae (Perciformes) revealed the presence of the species Siphoderina manilensis (Velasquez, 1961) Miller & Cribb, 2008 and S. marina (Hafeezullah & Siddiqi, 1970) Miller & Cribb, 2008 in seven Lutjanus spp. from sites off the Great Barrier Reef, the Maldives, New Caledonia and Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. A combination of morphological and ribosomal DNA analyses of these cryptogonimids prompted the transfer of these taxa to a new genus, Euryakaina n. g., as E. manilensis n. comb. and E. marina n. comb., based on comparative analysis with other cryptogonimid taxa. Euryakaina n. g. is distinguished from all other cryptogonimid genera by the combination of a fusiform body, the few relatively small, widely spaced oral spines (sometimes absent), a highly lobed ovary, opposite to slightly oblique testes, vitelline follicles that extend from the anterior margin of the testes to slightly posterior to the intestinal bifurcation, and an excretory vesicle that bifurcates dorsal to the ovary and reunites briefly slightly posterior to the intestinal bifurcation. Morphometric analysis of these taxa alone suggests they should be reduced to synonymy, but DNA sequence analyses and ecological niche partitioning provide evidence that they form a cryptic species complex in sympatric lutjanids in the Indo-West Pacific. The secondary structure of the ITS2 rDNA for species of Euryakaina was also modelled and analysed for the presences of compensatory base changes (CBCs) or hemi-CBCs in order to explore the usefulness of these changes as a tool to help elucidate the taxonomy of this complex system. We also report what we interpret here as intraspecific variation in the ITS2 rDNA between individuals of E. manilensis from Lutjanus vitta recovered off the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by, and is a contribution from, the Australian node of the CReefs global research initiative (grant number: 209/29), a partnership between the Australian Biological Resource Study (ABRS), BHP Billiton, the Great Barrier Reef Foundation, the Census of Marine Life and the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS). The CReefs Australia Project is generously sponsored by BHP Billiton in partnership with The Great Barrier Reef Foundation, the Australian Institute of Marine Science, the Australian Biological Resources Study and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. CReefs is a field program of the Census of Marine Life. We thank Dr Matthew Nolan, Mieke Burger and Dr Nicole Gunter for assistance with the fieldwork undertaken on the Great Barrier Reef and for help in collecting the teleost specimens used in this study. We gratefully thank the staff of the Lizard Island research station for their support and hospitality. We also thank Dr Robert Konecny and Julia Lorber for helping to organise the trip to the Maldives and for their assistance in the field. We are grateful to the Research Service and International Relations Office of the University of Vienna for assistance in financing the trip to Rasdhoo Atoll, Maldives. Dr Reinhard Kikinger kindly gave us access to his laboratory at the Kuramathi Biological Field Station to conduct fish necropsies and extended his generous hospitality to us during our stay. In New Caledonia, František Moravec, Eva Řehulkova, Jean-Pierre Debenay and Aude Sigura participated to the fishing expeditions and parasitological survey.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity Program, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia

    Terrence L. Miller & Robert D. Adlard

  2. School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia

    Terrence L. Miller & Thomas H. Cribb

  3. Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK

    Rodney A. Bray

  4. UMR 7138 Systématique, Adaptation, Évolution, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Case Postale 52, 57, rue Cuvier, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Jean-Lou Justine

  5. Aquarium des Lagons, B.P. 8185, 98807, Nouméa, New Caledonia

    Jean-Lou Justine

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  1. Terrence L. Miller
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  2. Robert D. Adlard
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Correspondence to Terrence L. Miller.

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Miller, T.L., Adlard, R.D., Bray, R.A. et al. Cryptic species of Euryakaina n. g. (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae) from sympatric lutjanids in the Indo-West Pacific. Syst Parasitol 77, 185–204 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-010-9266-7

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