Abstract
We experimentally demonstrate a chaos through-wall imaging radar using ultra-wideband chaotic-pulse-position modulation (CPPM) microwave signal. The CPPM signal based on logistic map with 1-ns pulse width and 1-GHz bandwidth is implemented by a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and then up-converted as the radar transmitting signal. Two-dimensional image of human objects behind obstacles is obtained by correlation method and back projection algorithm. Our experiments successfully perform through-wall imaging for single and multiple human objects through 20-cm thick wall. The down-range resolution of the proposed radar is 15 cm. Furthermore, the anti-jamming properties of the proposed radar in CPPM jamming, linear frequency-modulated jamming, and Gaussian noise jamming environments are demonstrated by electromagnetic simulations using the finite-difference time-domain. The simulation results show the CPPM microwave signal possesses excellent jamming immunity to the noise and radio frequency interference, which makes it perform superbly in multiradar environments.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baranoski, E. J. (2008). Through-wall imaging: Historical perspective and future directions. Journal of the Franklin Institute, 345(6), 556–569.
Yang, Y., & Fathy, A. E. (2005). See-through-wall imaging using ultra wideband short-pulse radar system. In 2005 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 3 , 334–337.
Zhang, W., Amin, M. G., Ahmad, F., Hoorfar, A., & Smith, G. E. (2012). Ultrawideband impulse radar through-the-wall imaging with compressive sensing. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2012.
Hussain, M. G. M. (1989). Principles of high-resolution radar based on nonsinusoidal waves-Part II: Generalized ambiguity function. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 31(4), 369–375.
Nag, S., Fluhler, H., & Barnes, M. (2001). Preliminary interferometric images of moving targets obtained using a time-modulated ultra-wide band through-wall penetration radar. In Radar Conference, 2001. Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE (pp. 64–69).
Lin, F. Y., & Liu, J. M. (2004). Ambiguity functions of laser-based chaotic radar. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 40(12), 1732–1738.
Shi, Z. G., Qiao, S., Chen, K. S., Cui, W. Z., Ma, W., Jiang, T., et al. (2007). Ambiguity functions of direct chaotic radar employing microwave chaotic Colpitts oscillator. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 77, 1–14.
Xu, H., Wang, B. J., Han, H., Liu, L., Li, J. X., Wang, Y. C., et al. (2015). Remote imaging radar with ultra-wideband chaotic signals over fiber links. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 25(11), 1530029.
Venkatasubramanian, V., & Leung, H. (2005). A novel chaos-based high-resolution imaging technique and its application to through-the-wall imaging. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 12(7), 528–531.
Venkatasubramanian, V., Leung, H., & Liu, X. (2009). Chaos UWB radar for through-the-wall imaging. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 18(6), 1255–1265.
Sushchik, M., Rulkov, N., Larson, L., Tsimring, L., Abarbanel, H., Yao, K., et al. (2000). Chaotic pulse position modulation: A robust method of communicating with chaos. IEEE Communications Letters, 4(4), 128–130.
Chiang, P., & Hu, C. (2010). Chaotic pulse-position baseband modulation for an ultra-wideband transceiver in CMOS. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 57(8), 642–646.
Alonge, F., Branciforte, M., & Motta, F. (2009). A novel method of distance measurement based on pulse position modulation and synchronization of chaotic signals using ultrasonic radar systems. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 58(2), 318–329.
Yao, Z., & Yang, J. (2011). Optimization of self-matching chaotic pulse position modulation excitation sequences for multichannel sonar ranging system. Journal of Information and Computational Science, 8(16), 4105–4114.
Wang, H., Narayanan, R. M., & Zhou, Z. O. (2008). Through wall imaging based on electromagnetic modeling using UWB noise waveform. In 2009 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium.
Ahmad, F., Amin, M. G., & Kassam, S. A. (2005). Synthetic aperture beamformer for imaging through a dielectric wall. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 41(1), 271–283.
Zhang, Y., Jiao, T., Lv, H., Li, S., Li, C. Z., Lu, G. H., et al. (2015). An interference suppression technique for life detection using 5.75- and 35-GHz dual-frequency continuous-wave radar. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 12(3), 482–486.
Piccardi, M. (2004). Background subtraction techniques: A review. In Systems, man and cybernetics, 2004 IEEE international conference on (Vol. 4, pp. 3099–3104). IEEE.
Garmatyuk, D. S., & Narayanan, R. M. (2002). ECCM capabilities of an ultrawideband bandlimited random noise imaging radar. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 38(4), 1243–1255.
Lewis, J. P. (1995). Fast normalized cross-correlation. Vision interface, 10(1), 120–123.
Acknowledgements
The work in this paper is supported by the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (Grant No. 2014DFA50870), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61601319, 51404165, 61401299, 41604127), the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi, the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Grant No. 201601D011047).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Recent Developments in Sensing and Imaging.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, H., Wang, B., Zhang, J. et al. Chaos Through-Wall Imaging Radar. Sens Imaging 18, 6 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11220-017-0156-9
Received:
Revised:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11220-017-0156-9