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Longitudinal variation in cadmium influx in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots as depending on the growth substrate, root age and root order

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Abstract

Aims

In a previous work, we observed a longitudinal decrease in Cd2+ influx starting from the root tip in first order lateral roots of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in hydroponics. This variable influx was expected to impact the total Cd2+ uptake depending on the root system architecture and on how steep was the decrease of the influx. Here, we examined the influence of the culture substrate, of the age and order of lateral roots on the longitudinal variation of Cd2+ influx.

Methods

By using short-term exposures to 109Cd-labelled solution (5 to 200 nM), we compared the longitudinal variations in Cd2+ roots influx depending on the growth substrate (hydroponics or sand), on the root age and order.

Results

In second order laterals, Cd2+ influx decreased from the apex to the root base, as for first order laterals. For sand cultures compared to hydroponics, the mean Cd2+ influx was lower and decreased more steeply with the distance from the apex. The influx also decreased with increasing root age and order, markedly in hydroponics but less for sand cultures.

Conclusion

Results suggested that for a given root surface area, the Cd2+ uptake by a root system should increase with increasing number of root tips and decreasing individual root length.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the funding ANR 2011 CESA 008 01 and by a research grant from the Technical Center for Oilseed Crops and Industrial Hemp (CETIOM) and from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). The authors are grateful to S. Bussière, C. Coriou, and S. Thunot for their helpful technical contribution and to L. Pagès (INRA, Avignon) for providing the rhizoboxes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France

    Marie A. Laporte, Laurence Denaix & Christophe Nguyen

  2. Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33170, Gradignan, France

    Marie A. Laporte, Laurence Denaix & Christophe Nguyen

  3. CETIOM, 11 rue Monge, Parc Industriel, 33600, PESSAC, France

    Sylvie Dauguet

  4. INRA, UMR 1391 ISPA, 71 avenue E. Bourlaux, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon Cédex, France

    Christophe Nguyen

Authors
  1. Marie A. Laporte
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  2. Laurence Denaix
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  3. Sylvie Dauguet
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  4. Christophe Nguyen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Christophe Nguyen.

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Responsible Editor: Fangjie Zhao.

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Laporte, M.A., Denaix, L., Dauguet, S. et al. Longitudinal variation in cadmium influx in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) roots as depending on the growth substrate, root age and root order. Plant Soil 381, 235–247 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2123-8

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