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Maintaining elevated Fe2+ concentration in solution culture for the development of a rapid and repeatable screening technique for iron toxicity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Abstract

Background and aims

Iron toxicity decreases rice (Oryza sativa) grain yield especially in acid soils after flooding. Our aim was to establish a high-throughput screening technique using nutrient solution culture for identifying Fe-toxicity-tolerant genotypes.

Methods

Varying levels of Fe, pH, and chelators in Yoshida nutrient solution culture were tested to maintain sufficient Fe2+ concentration over time to optimize the severity of Fe toxicity stress for distinguishing between a tolerant (Azucena) and sensitive (IR64) genotype. The optimized solution was tested on 20 diverse genotypes in the greenhouse, with measurement of leaf bronzing scores and plant growth characteristics at the seedling stage. The same 20 genotypes were grown to maturity in a field with natural Fe toxicity stress, with measurement of seedling-stage leaf bronzing scores and grain yield to determine their inter-relationship.

Results

Optimized nutrient solution conditions were 300 mg L−1 Fe supplied as Fe2+ at pH 4.0 with a 1:2 molar ratio of Fe:EDTA, which maintained sufficient Fe2+ stress over 5 days. The highest correlation of nutrient solution phenotypic data with field grain yield was found with leaf bronzing scores at 4 weeks, with a Pearson r of 0.628 for simple association and a Spearman corrected r of 0.610 for rank association (P < 0.01) using 20 diverse rice genotypes with proven Fe toxicity tolerance reaction. The Leaf bronzing scores at 4 weeks in nutrient culture solution were also found highly correlated with LBS under natural field stress after 8 weeks that had highest correlation with grain yield under stress.

Conclusion

This culture solution-based standardized screening technique can be used in plant breeding programs as a high-throughput technique to identify genotypes tolerant to Fe toxicity.

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Abbreviations

EDDHA:

Ethylenediamine (2-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid

EDTA:

Ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid

HEDTA:

(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine triacetic acid

IRRI:

International Rice Research Institute

LBS:

Leaf bronzing score

WAT:

Weeks after transplanting

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Acknowledgments

The authors deeply acknowledge the research support of the deputy director general for research and head, Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology, at IRRI, who enabled us to conduct this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

    Venus Elec, Rhulyx Mendoza, Andres Godwin C. Sajise, Sarah E. J. Beebout, Glenn B. Gregorio & Rakesh Kumar Singh

  2. Crop Science Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines

    Celsa A. Quimio

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  1. Venus Elec
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  2. Celsa A. Quimio
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  3. Rhulyx Mendoza
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  4. Andres Godwin C. Sajise
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  6. Glenn B. Gregorio
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  7. Rakesh Kumar Singh
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Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Singh.

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Elec, V., Quimio, C.A., Mendoza, R. et al. Maintaining elevated Fe2+ concentration in solution culture for the development of a rapid and repeatable screening technique for iron toxicity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant Soil 372, 253–264 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1739-4

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