Photosynthetica 2011, 49(1):107 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-011-0017-z

Photosynthesis performance in sweet almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill) D. Webb] exposed to supplemental UV-B radiation

A. Ranjbarfordoei1,*, R. Samson2, P. Van Damme3
1 Department of Natural Resources, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
2 Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group of Plant Production and Stress Tolerance, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
3 Department of Plant Production, Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Plants, Ghent University-UGent, Gent, Belgium

Due to anthropogenic influences, solar UV-B irradiance at the earth's surface is increasing. To determine the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on photosynthetic characteristics of Prunus dulcis, two-year-old seedlings of the species were submitted to four levels of UV-B stress, namely 0 (UV-Bc), 4.42 (UV-B1), 7.32 (UV-B2) and 9.36 (UV-B3) kJ m-2 d-1. Effects of UV-B stress on a range of chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence parameters (FPs), Chl contents and photosynthetic gas-exchange parameters were investigated. UV-B stress promoted an increase in minimal fluorescence of dark-adapted state (F0) and F0/Fm, and a decrease in variable fluorescence (Fv, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0 and F0/Fm) due to its adverse effects on photosystem II (PSII) activity. No significant change was observed for maximal fluorescence of dark-adapted state (Fm). Enhanced UV-B radiation caused a significant inhibition of net photosynthetic rate (P N) at UV-B2 and UV-B3 levels and this was accompanied by a reduction in stomatal conductance (g s) and transpiration rate (E). The contents of Chl a, b, and total Chl content (a+b) were also significantly reduced at increased UV-B stress. In general, adverse UV-B effects became significant at the highest tested radiation dose 9.36 kJ m-2 d-1. The most sensitive indicators for UV-B stress were Fv/F0, Chl a content and P N. Significant P<0.05 alteration in these parameters was found indicating the drastic effect of UV-B radiation on P. dulcis.

Additional key words: chlorophyll content; fluorescence quenching; photosystem

Received: May 22, 2009; Accepted: January 25, 2011; Published: March 1, 2011  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Ranjbarfordoei, A., Samson, R., & Van Damme, P. (2011). Photosynthesis performance in sweet almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill) D. Webb] exposed to supplemental UV-B radiation. Photosynthetica, 49(1), 107. doi: 10.1007/s11099-011-0017-z
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Ambasht, N.K., Agrawal, M.: Physiological responses of field growth Zea mays L. plants to enhanced UV-B radiation. - Biotronics 24: 15-23, 1995.
    2. Balakrishnan, V., Ravindran, K.C., Venkatesan, K., Karuppusamy, S.: Effects of UV-B supplemental radiation on growth and biochemical characteristics in Crotalaria junea L. seedlings. - Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem. 4: 1125-1131, 2005.
    3. Björkman, O., Demming, B.: Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at 77 K among vascular plants of diverse origins. - Planta 170: 489-504, 1987. Go to original source...
    4. Bornman, J.F.: Target sites of UV-B in photosynthesis of higher plants. - J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol. 84: 145-158, 1989. Go to original source...
    5. Caldwell, M.M.: Solar Ultraviolet radiation and the growth and development of higher plants. - In: Gies, A.C. (ed.): Photophysiology. Pp. 131-177. Academic Press, New York 1971. Go to original source...
    6. Cechin, I., Fumis, T. de F., Dokkedal, A.L.: Growth and physiological response of sunflower exposed to UV-B radiation. - Ciência Rural 37: 85-90, 2007. Go to original source...
    7. Correia, C.M., Pereira, J.M.M., Coutinho, J.F., Björn, L.O., Torres-Pereira, J.M.G.: Ultraviolet-B radiation and nitrogen affect the photosynthesis of maize: a Mediterranean field study. - Eur. J. Agron. 22: 337-347, 2005. Go to original source...
    8. Diffey, B. L.: Solar ultraviolet radiation effects on biological systems. - Rev. Phys. Med. Biol. 36: 299-328, 1991. Go to original source...
    9. Earl, H.J., Tollenaar, M.: Using chlorophyll fluorometry to compare photosynthetic performance of commercial maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in the field. - Field Crops Res. 61: 201-210, 1999. Go to original source...
    10. Fernandez, R.T., Perry, R.L., Flore, J.A.: Drought response of young apple trees on three rootstocks. II Gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, water relations, and leaf abscisic acid. - J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 122: 841-848, 1997. Go to original source...
    11. Genty, B., Briantais, J.M., Baker, N.R.: The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electrontransport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 990: 87-92, 1989. Go to original source...
    12. Kakani, V.G., Reddy, K.R., Zhao, D., Gao, W.: Senescence and hyperspectral reflectance of cotton leaves exposed to ultaviolet-B radiation and carbon dioxide. - Physiol. Plant. 121: 250-257, 2004. Go to original source...
    13. Keiller, D.R., Holmes, M.G.: Effects of long-term exposure to elevated UV-B radiation on the photosynthetic performance of five broad leaved tree species. - Photosynth. Res. 67: 229-240, 2001. Go to original source...
    14. Krause, G.H., Weis, E.: Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis: The basics. - Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Biol. 42: 313-349, 1991. Go to original source...
    15. Láposi, R., Veres, S., Mile, O., Mészáros, I.: Effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on the photosynthesis, physiological properties and flavonoid content of beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica L.) in outdoor conditions. - Acta Biol. Szegediensis 49: 151-153, 2005.
    16. Lichthentaler, H.K., Chlorophyll and carotenoids - pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes, - In: Colowick, S.P., Kaplan, N.O. (ed.): Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 148, Pp 350-382. Academic Press, San Diego - New York - Berkeley - Boston - London - Sydney - Tokyo - Toronto 1987.
    17. Lichtenthaler, H.K., Babani, F.: Detection of photosynthetic activity and water stress by imaging the red chlorophyll fluorescence. - Plant Physiol. Biochem. 38: 889-895, 2000. Go to original source...
    18. Lydon, J., Teramura, A.H., summers, E.G.: Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on growth and productivity of field grown soybean. - In: Worrest, R.C., Caldwell, M.M. (ed.): Stratospheric Ozone Reduction, Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Plant Life. Pp.313-325. Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York - Tokyo 1986. Go to original source...
    19. Mackerness, S.A., Jordan, B.R., Thomas B.: Reactive oxygen species in the regulation of photosynthetic genes by ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B: 280-320 nm) in green and etiolated buds of pea (Pisum sativum L.). - J. Photochem. Photobiol. 84: 180-188, 1999. Go to original source...
    20. Madronich, S., McKenzie, R.L., Björn, L.O., Caldwell, M.M.: Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface. - J. Photochem. Photobiol. B:Biol. 46: 5-19, 1998. Go to original source...
    21. Mészáros, I., Láposi, R., Veres, S., Bai, E., Lakatos, G., Cáspár, A., Mile, O.: Effects of supplemental UV-B and drought stress on photosynthetic activity of sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.). - Proc. of 12th International Congress on Photosynthesis. Pp. 34-34. CSIRO Publ., Collingwood 2001.
    22. Mészáros, I., Láposi, R., Veres, S., Sárvári, É., Gáspár, A., Bai, E., Oláh, V., Lakatos, G.: Effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on photosynthesis performance and UV-B absorbing compounds in leaves of two oak species. - Acta Biol. Szegediensis 49:165-66, 2005.
    23. Melis, A., Nemson, J.A., Harrison M.A.: Damage to functional components and partial degradation of Photosystem II reaction center proteins upon chloroplast exposure to ultraviolet-B radiation. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1100: 312-320, 1992. Go to original source...
    24. Musil, C.F., Kgope, B.S., Chimphango, S.B.M., Dakora, FD.: Nitrate additions enhance the photosynthetic sensitivity of a nodulated South African Mediterranean-climate legume (Podalyria calyptrate) to elevated UV-B. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 50: 197-210, 2003. Go to original source...
    25. Ranjbarfordoei, A., Samson, R., Lemeur, R., Van Damme, P.: Effects of osmotic stress induced by a combination of NaCl and polyethylene glycol on leaf water status, photosynthetic gas exchange, and water use efficiency of Pistacia khinjuk and P. mutica. - Photosynthetica 40: 165-169, 2002. Go to original source...
    26. Ranjbarfordoei, A., Samson, R., Van Damme, P., Chlorophyll fluorescence performance of sweet almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. Webb] in response to salinity stress induced by NaCl. - Photosynthetica 44: 513-522, 2006. Go to original source...
    27. Rathore, D., Agrawal, S.B., Singh, A.: Influence of supple-0mental UV-B radiation and minerals on biomass, pigments and yield of two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). - Biotronics 32: 1-5, 2003.
    28. Reddy, K.R., Vigaya, G.K., Duli, Z., Saliaja K., Wei, G.: Interactive effects of ultraviolet-B radiation and temperature on cotton physiology, growth, development and hyperspectral reflectance. - J. Photochem. Photobiol. 79: 416-427, 2004. Go to original source...
    29. Roháček, K.: Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the definitions, photosynthetic meaning, and mutual relationships. - Photosynthetica 40: 13-29, 2002. Go to original source...
    30. Rouhi, V., Samson, R., Lemeur, R., Van Damme, P.: Photosynthetic gas exchanges characteristics in three different almond species during drought stress and subsequent recovery. - Environ. Exp. Bot. 59: 117-129, 2007. Go to original source...
    31. Scarascia-Mugnozza, G., De Angelis, P., Matteucci, G., Valentini, R.: Long term exposure to elevated CO2 in a natural Quercus ilex L. community: net photosynthesis and photochemical efficiency of PSII at different levels of water stress. - Plant Cell Environ. 19: 643-654, 1996. Go to original source...
    32. Smith, J.L., Buritt, D.J., Bannister, P.: Shoot dry weight, chlorophyll and UV-B-absorbing compounds as indicators of plant's sensitivity to UV-B radiation. - Ann. Bot. 86: 1057-1063, 2000. Go to original source...
    33. von Caemmerer, S., Farquhar, G.D.: Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and gas exchange of leaves. - Planta 153: 376-387, 1981. Go to original source...
    34. Wellburn, A.R.: The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. - J. Plant Physiol. 144: 307-313, 1994. Go to original source...
    35. Xiaoqin, Y., Qing, L., Chao, H.: Growth and photosynthetic responses of Picea asperata seedlings to enhanced ultraviolet- B and to nitrogen supply. - Braz. J. Plant Physiol. 20:11-18, 2008. Go to original source...

    Return to the content