Abstract
Background Duplicate prescribing is known to occur across health systems and is one of the most frequent drug related problems. Therapeutic duplication (TD) increases the risk of adverse drug reactions without additional therapeutic benefits. Objectives This study aimed to develop TD criteria concerning four drug categories which are acid-related disorder drugs, antimicrobials, antihypertensives, and lipid modifying drugs and to estimate the prevalence of therapeutic duplicate prescribing at the ambulatory care settings in Korea. Methods TD criteria were developed using the WHO anatomical therapeutic chemical classification and modified with an expert consensus panel using the Delphi method. The prevalence of TD including ingredient duplication (ID) of four drug categories was examined using National Health Insurance claim database including 15 million patients during one month in 2009 (December). TD was defined as prescribing medications within the same category in the developed TD criteria list. Results The numbers of patients who received acid-related disorder drugs, antimicrobials, antihypertensives, and lipid-modifying drugs in the study period were 10,049,292, 7,584,131, 4,349,945, and 1,425,292 respectively. In the field of acid-related disorder drugs prescribed, there were 0.3 % IDs and 2.5 % TDs within a prescription issued by one prescriber. There were 8.4 % IDs and 14.5 % TDs between prescriptions issued at different ambulatory visits. In the field of antimicrobial medicines, there were 0.1 % IDs and 2.6 % TDs within a prescription, while there were 5.0 % IDs and 7.6 % TDs between different prescriptions. Amongst the antihypertensives prescribed, there were 0.4 % IDs and 1.9 % TDs within a prescription, while there were 9.9 % IDs and 11.5 % TDs between prescriptions. Lastly, looking at lipid-modifying drugs prescribed, there were 0.3 % IDs and 0.5 % TDs within one prescription, while there were 8.9 % IDs and 9.4 % TDs between prescriptions. Conclusion The prevalence of duplicate prescribing was substantial in the ambulatory care setting which is to be improved using the TD criteria developed from this study in the national drug utilization review system in Korea.
Similar content being viewed by others
Reference
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. P.L.101–508.
Fulda TR, Lyles A, Pugh MC, Christensen DB. Current status of prospective drug utilization review. J Manag Care Pharm. 2004;10(5):433–41.
Steinman MA, Landefeld CS, Rosenthal GE, Berthenthal D, Sen S, Kaboli PJ. Polypharmacy and prescribing quality in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(10):1516–23.
Hanlon JT, Schmader KE, Semla TP. Update of studies on drug-related problems in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2013;61(8):1365–8.
HIRA. Korean DUR Guideline. Seoul: HIRA; 2010. G000DE1-2013-91.
Kim DS, Kang HY, Jeon HL, Park CM, Park JH, Je NK. The study on DUR program evaluation methods. Seoul: HIRA; 2012. G000k31-2014-44.
Lee SO, Bae SJ, Kang H, Kim SK, Kim YJ. The study on Inappropriate drugs use analysis. Seoul: HIRA; 2012. 2012-06|.
WHO. Anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification. Oslo: WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology; 2011.
HIRA. Korean Health Insurance Reimbursement Criteria for Pharmacy Benefit. Seoul: HIRA; 2013. G000J67-2013-76.
Haag S, Andrews JM, Katelaris PH, Gapasin J, Galmiche JP, Hunt R, et al. Management of reflux symptoms with over-the-counter proton pump inhibitors: issues and proposed guidelines. Digestion. 2009;80(4):226–34.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560–72.
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, Brewer HB Jr, Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III guidelines. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24(8):e149–61.
Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program. (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106(25):3143–421.
Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. Pharmacotherapy: a pathophysiologic approach. 9th ed. New York: McGraw-Hil; 2014.
Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM. Pharmacotherapy: a pathophysiologic approach. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hil; 2011.
Ko HK, Lee SH. Use of gastrointestinal drugs in patients without digestive symptoms. Korean J Clin Pharm. 2000;10(2):57–61.
NICE. Management of dyspepsia in adults in primary care. National Institute for Clinical Excellence; 2004. ISBN-10: 0-9540161-7-3.
Chui MA, Rupp MT. Evaluation of online prospective DUR program in community pharmacy practice. J Manag Care Pharm. 2000;6:27–32.
Meredith S, Feldman PH, Frey D, Hall K, Arnold K, Brown NJ, et al. Possible medication errors in home healthcare patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2001;49(6):719–24.
Paulino EI, Bouvy ML, Gastelurrutia MA, Guerreiro M, Buurma H. Drug related problems identified by European community pharmacists in patients discharged from hospital. Pharm World Sci. 2004;26(6):353–60.
Leemans L, Veroeveren L, Bulens J, Hendrickx C, Keyenberg W, Niesten F, et al. Frequency and trends of interventions of prescriptions in flemish community pharmacies. Pharm World Sci. 2003;25(2):65–9.
Azoulay L, Zargarzadeh A, Salahshouri Z, Oraichi D, Berard A. Inappropriate medication prescribing in community-dwelling elderly people living in Iran. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;61(12):913–9.
Cecilia DP, Chan S, Stephen CE, Klein JD. Antimicrobial prescription errors in hospitalized Children: role of antimicrobial stewardship program in detection and intervention. Clin Pediatr. 2009;48(5):505–12.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the participation of physicians and pharmacists in the Delphi method to modify the TD criteria.
Funding
This study was supported by a grant of the Korea Healthcare R&D Project, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (Grant No. HI13C0723).
Conflicts of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, DS., Je, N.K., Kim, G.J. et al. Therapeutic duplicate prescribing in Korean ambulatory care settings using the National Health Insurance claim data. Int J Clin Pharm 37, 76–85 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0042-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-014-0042-7