Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Recent Advances in the Biological Significance of Xanthine and its Derivatives: A Review

  • Published:
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Aims and scope

Xanthine is the most ubiquitous heterocyclic aromatic compound and have attracted much synthetic interest due to their numerous pharmacological activities. It is one of the principal moiety for leads in the field of drug discovery and development and plays a fundamental role in the area of medicinal chemistry. In this review paper, we tried to compile recent developments in xanthine and its derivatives, recently developed as anti-alzheimer’s and anti-parkinsonism, anti-cancer, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant and anxiolytic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, diuretic, anti-epileptic, anti-tuberculosis, anti-microbial, sirtuin inhibitors and ligands of adenosine receptor subtypes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.
Fig. 12.
Fig. 13.
Fig. 14.
Fig. 15.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R. Petrucci, M. Feroci, L. Mattiello and I. Chiarotto, Mini-Rev. Org. Chem., 18(1), 27 – 42 (2021).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. R. Mathew, S. K. Anand, J. Radecki, et al., J. Fluoresc., No. 30, 63 – 70 (2020).

  3. J. M. Sanchez, Foods, 6(12), 109 (2017).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. H. Ashihara, K. Mizuno, T. Yokota, A. Crozier, Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Prod., No. 105, 1 – 88 (2017).

  5. Q. -S. Ma, Y. Yao, Y. -C. Zheng, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 162, 555 – 567 (2018).

  6. D. Janitschke, A. A. Lauer, C. M. Bachmann, et al., Nutrients, No. 13, 803 (2021).

  7. N. Singh, S. Patra, S. Patra, Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen., 21(7), 476 – 486 (2018).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. J. P. Monteiro, M. G. Alves, P. F. Oliveira and B. M. Silva, Molecules, 21(8), 974 (2016).

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Mitkov, A. Kasabova-Angelova, M. Kondeva-Burdina, et al., Med. Chem., 16(3), 326 – 339 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Pretze, C. Neuber, E. Kinski, et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 18(16), 3104 – 3116 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Singh, M. Ojha, D. Yadav, et al., Curr. Drug Discovery Technol., 17(1), 1 – 15 (2020).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. M. Constantin, F. F. Lupascu, M. Apotrosoaei, et al., J. Drug Delivery Sci. Technol., No. 60, 102091 (2020).

  13. F. A. Khaliullin, Z. K. Mamatov, G. A. Timirkhanova al., Pharm. Chem. J., No. 54, 891 – 896 (2020).

  14. S. M. Constantin, F. Buron, S. Routier, et al., Materials, 12(4), 558 (2019).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. S. Flores, C. N. Culichia, E. G. Villarreal, et al., J. Pediatr. Intensive Care, 9(3), 155 – 161 (2020).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. M. F. McCarty, J. H. O’Keefe, J. J. DiNicolantonio, Open Heart, 3(1), e000365 (2016).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Talmon, E. Massara, C. Brunini and L. G. Fresu, Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther., No. 59, 101851 (2019).

  18. L. Calzetta, M. G. Matera, M. F. Goldstein, et al., Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther., No. 60, 101883 (2019).

  19. N. Singh, A. K. Shreshtha, M. S. Thakur and S. Patra, Heliyon, 4(10), e00829 (2018).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. R. R. Ruddarraju, A. C. Murugulla, R. Kotla, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 123, 379 – 396 (2016).

  21. M. Ghasemi-Pirbaluti, E. Motaghi, A. Najafi and M. J. Hosseini, Biomed. Pharmacother., No. 90, 153 – 159 (2017).

  22. J. R. Hahm, M. Ahmed and D. R. Kim, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 478(1), 12 – 17 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Y.-C. Tsai, B. -C. Yang, W. -H. Peng, et al., Phytomedicine, No. 31, 11 – 17 (2017).

  24. J. Chen, Y. Yang, S. Li, et al., Cells, 9(4), 1024 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. L. Cooney, I. Sinha, D. Hawcutt, PLoS One, 11(8), e0159965 (2016).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. M. T. Moraes, M. C. Galvão, D. Cabral, et al., PLoS One, 12(1), e0169446 (2017).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. H. Arakawa, Y. Hamasaki, Y. Kohno, Allergol. Int., 66(2), 190 – 204 (2017).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. M. J. Armstrong, M. S. Okun, JAMA, 323(6),548 – 560 (2020).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. K. A. Alexandra, T. Diana, M. Javor, et al., Curr. Med. Chem., 27(12), 2021 – 2036 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. R. Harmse, M. M van der Walt, J. P. Petzer and G. Terre’Blanche, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 26(24), 5951–5955 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. P. Koch, A. Brunschweiger, V. Namasivayam, et al., Front. Chem., 6(206), 1 – 28 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  32. S. Rohilla, R. Bansal, S. Kachler and K. -N. Klotz, Bioorg. Chem., No. 87, 601 – 612 (2019).

  33. M. Załuski, J. Schabikowski, M. Schlenk, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., 27(7), 1196 – 1210 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. K. J. Kuder, M. Załuski, J. Schabikowski, et al., ChemMed-Chem, No. 15, 772 – 786 (2020).

  35. S. El-Kalyoubi and F. Agili, Molecules., 25(21), 5205 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. M. Hisham, B. G. M. Youssif, E. E. A. Osman, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 176, 117 – 128 (2019).

  37. H. A. Abou-Zied, B. G. M. Youssif, M. F. A. Mohamed, et al., Bioorg. Chem., No. 89, 102997 (2019).

  38. J. Jiang, C. J. Seel, A. Temirak, et al., J. Med. Chem., 62(8), 4032–4055 (2019).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. H. N. Sultani, R. A. Ghazal, A. M. Hayallah, et al., J. Heterocycl. Chem., 54(1), 450–456 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. T. Ma, Q. -S. Ma, B. Yu and H. -M. Liu, Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 174, 76 – 86 (2019).

  41. L. Andonova, I. Valkova, D. Zheleva-Dimitrova, et al., Anti-Cancer Agents Med. Chem., 19(4), 528 – 537 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. D. Gumber, D. Yadav, R. Yadav, et al., Chem. Biol. Drug Des., 95(6), 600 – 609 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. S. Basu, D. A. Barawkar, V. Ramdas, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 127, 986 – 996 (2017).

  44. A. R. Mohamed, H. H. Georgey, R. F. George, et al., Future Med. Chem., 9(15), 1731–1747 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. S. Basu, D. A. Barawkar, V. Ramdas, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 134, 218 – 229, 2017.

  46. R. Yadav, R. Bansal, S. Rohilla and K. -N. Klotz, Bioorg. Chem., No. 65, 26 – 37 (2016).

  47. J. Refardt, B. Winzeler and M. Christ-Crain, Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am., 49(3), 517 – 531 (2020).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. G. Li, B. Meng, B. Yuan, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 188, 112017 (2019).

  49. S. Narsimha, K. S. Battula, M. Ravinder, et al., J. Chem. Sci., 132(59), 1 – 9 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Q. Li, L. Meng, S. Zhou, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 180, 509 – 523 (2019).

  51. J. Garber, S. M. Brunwasser, A. A. Zerr, et al., Depress. Anxiety., 33(10), 939 – 959 (2016).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Y. V. Shabalina, F. A. Khaliullin, I. L. Nikitina, et al., Pharm. Chem. J., No. 53, 1009 – 1012 (2020).

  53. A. Zagórska, A. Partyka, A. Bucki, et al., Chem. Biol. Drug Des., 93(4), 511–521 (2019).

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. A. Zagórska, A. Bucki, M. Kołaczkowski, et al., J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem., No. 31, 10 – 24 (2016).

  55. F. A. Khaliullin, Y. V. Shabalina, G. G. Davlyatova and L. A. Valeeva, Pharm. Chem. J., 51(12), 1049 – 1052 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. L. A. Valeeva, G. G. Davlyatova, Y. V. Shabalina, et al., Pharm. Chem. J., 50(6), 358 – 361 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. M. F. McCarty, J. H. O’Keefe, J. J. DiNicolantonio, Open Heart., 3(1), e000365 (2016).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  58. G. Chłoń-Rzepa, A. Jankowska, M. Ślusarczyk, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 146, 381 – 394 (2018).

  59. J. Monteiro, M. G. Alves, P. F. Oliveira and B. M. Silva, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 59(16), 1–29 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  60. D. H. Ivanchenko, M. I. Romanenko, K. V. Aleksandrova, et al., J. Org. Pharm. Chem., 15(1 (57)), 52 – 57 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. N. I. Romanenko, D. G. Ivanchenko, B. A. Samura, et al., Chem. Nat. Compd., No. 53, 698 – 702 (2017).

  62. S. Koul, V. Ramdas, D. A. Barawkar, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., 25 (6),1963 – 1975 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. K. V. Aleksandrova, D. A. Vasylyev and B. A. Priimenko, Zaporizh. State Med. Univ., No. 151, 836 – 848 (2016).

  64. N. Aktar, N. K. Qureshi and H. S. Ferdous, Delta Med. College J.., 5(1), 35 – 48 (2017).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. M. May, C. Schindler and S. Engeli, Ther. Adv. Endocrinol. Metab., No. 11, 1 – 19 (2020).

  66. I. M. Bilai, M. I. Romanenko, D. H. Ivanchenko, ZaporoŽ. Med. Ž., No. 23, 412 – 417 (2021).

  67. R. U. Shelke, M. S. Degani, A. Raju, et al., Arch. Pharm., 349(8), 602 – 613 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. D. A. Gruzdev, V. V. Musiyak, G. L. Levit, et al., Russ. Chem. Rev., 87(6), 604 – 618 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. A. S. Gotsulya, V. V. Zazharskyi and P. O. Davydenko, ZaporoŽ. Med. Ž., 20(4), 578 – 583 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  70. V. K. Gopinatha, M. K. Dukanya and K. S. Rangappa, J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 67(8), 1453–1461 (2020).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. R. R. Ruddarraju, A. C. Murugulla, R. Kotla, et al., Eur. J. Med. Chem., No. 123, 379 – 396 (2016).

  72. N. A. Abdulreda and S. R. Abdul-Ameer, Orient. J. Chem., 34(1), 410 – 419 (2018).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. M. Gacki, K. Kafarska, A. Pietrzak, et al., J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 23(3), 346 – 354 (2019).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. K. Sitalu, B. H. Babu, J. N. L. Latha and R. A. Lakshmana, Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 20(2), 82 – 91 (2017).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. M. A. N. M. Mohamed, L. M. B. Abu-Alola and N. M. G. Aljaied, Nucleosid. Nucleotid. Nucl. Acids, 36(12), 745 – 756 (2017).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. H. Dai, D. A. Sinclair, J. L. Ellis and C. Steegborn, Pharmacol. Ther., No. 188, 140 – 154 (2018).

  77. H. Han, C. Li, M. Li, et al., Molecules, 25(12), 2755 (2020).

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  78. R. Bansal, G. Kumar, S. Rohilla, et al., Drug Dev. Res., 77(5), 241 – 250 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. M. Załuski, J. Schabikowski, P. Jaśko, et al., Bioorg. Chem., No. 101, 104033 (2020).

  80. E. Szymańska, A. Drabczyñska, T. Karcz, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., No. 24, 4347 – 4362 (2016).

  81. X. Yang, J. P. D. van Veldhoven, J. Offringa, et al., J. Med. Chem., No. 62, 3539 – 3552 (2019).

  82. D. Schneider, D. Bier, A. Bauer, et al., J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods, No. 95, 16 – 26 (2019).

  83. A. Brunschweiger, P. Koch, M. Schlenk, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem., 24(21), 5462 – 5480 (2016).

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sumitra Nain.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kapri, A., Pant, S., Gupta, N. et al. Recent Advances in the Biological Significance of Xanthine and its Derivatives: A Review. Pharm Chem J 56, 461–474 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-022-02661-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-022-02661-8

Keywords

Navigation