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Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic and Carboxylic Acids on Oxidative Stress-Induced Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

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Abstract

An increase in oxidative stress is a key factor responsible for neurotoxicity induction and cell death leading to neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. Plant phenolics exert diverse bioactivities i.e., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Herein, phenolic compounds, namely protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) constituents of Hydnophytum formicarum Jack. including vanillic acid (VA) and trans-ferulic acid (FA) found in Spilanthes acmella Murr., were explored for anti-neurodegenerative properties using an in vitro model of oxidative stress-induced neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Exposure of the neuronal cells with H2O2 resulted in the decrease of cell viability, but increasing in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) together with morphological changes and inducing cellular apoptosis. SH-SY5Y cells pretreated with 5 µM of PCA, VA, and FA were able to attenuate cell death caused by H2O2-induced toxicity, as well as decreased ROS level and apoptotic cells after 24 h of treatment. Pretreated SH-SY5Y cells with phenolic compounds also helped to upregulate H2O2-induced depletion of the expressions of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a as well as induce the levels of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2 and catalase) and antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) proteins. The findings suggest that these phenolics might be promising compounds against neurodegeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This project is supported by Mahidol University, The Thailand Research Fund (TRF), and the Office of the Higher Education Commission, Mahidol University under the National Research Universities Initiative and Annual Government Grant of Mahidol University (2556-2558 BE).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Kamonrat Phopin, Wilasinee Suwanjang & Prapimpun Wongchitrat

  2. Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Naw Hser Gay, Kamonrat Phopin, Waralee Ruankham & Virapong Prachayasittikul

  3. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Napat Songtawee

  4. Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Supaluk Prachayasittikul

  5. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Medical Technology, Yangon, 11012, Myanmar

    Naw Hser Gay

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Gay, N.H., Phopin, K., Suwanjang, W. et al. Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic and Carboxylic Acids on Oxidative Stress-Induced Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 43, 619–636 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-017-2463-x

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