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Chlorophyll fluorescence, root growth potential, and stomatal conductance as estimates of field performance potential in conifer seedlings

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Abstract

After cold storage, conifer seedlings in British Columbia are tested for field growth potential before planting. We compared three tests of performance potential using container-grown seedlings of Douglas-fir, interior spruce, lodgepole pine, and western larch (14 seedlots total). On several autumn dates, seedlings were lifted and stored at −2°C. The following spring we tested stored seedlings for root growth potential (RGP), chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), and stomatal conductance (Gs), and then planted seedlings in nursery beds. We assessed survival and shoot dry weight (SDW) after one growing season. Performance test results were significantly correlated with each other (r ≥ 0.47) but showed different relationships with field performance, which varied with lift date. The best performance predictor was the sum of CF and RGP (R 2 = 0.79 for 78 seedlot by lift-date combinations), which minimized the risk of planting poor seedlings and not planting good seedlings. A sum of 83 for CF (Fv/Fm %) and RGP (new roots >1 cm) provided a threshold above which survival and growth were good. For evergreen conifers, Gs was a good performance predictor, but required extra time to measure leaf area. We recommend a combination of CF and RGP to assess vigor of shoot and root systems before planting.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the following current and former Ministry of Forests staff for their advice, support and encouragement at various stages of this project: Jim Sweeten, Clare Kooistra, Kendel Thomas, Ralph Huber, Shon Ostafew, Hazel Ritchie, B. J. Finnson, Wendy Clarke, Peter Fielder, Helga Mehl, Chris Hawkins, Glenn Ursel and Drew Brazier. We also thank the associate editor and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. B.C. Ministry of Forests and Range, Research Branch Laboratory, PO Box 9536, Stn Prov Govt, Victoria, BC, Canada, V8W 9C4

    Sylvia J. L’Hirondelle & Wolfgang D. Binder

  2. B.C. Ministry of Forests and Range, Kalamalka Forestry Centre, 3401 Reservoir Road, Vernon, BC, Canada, V1B 2C7

    David G. Simpson

Authors
  1. Sylvia J. L’Hirondelle
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  2. David G. Simpson
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  3. Wolfgang D. Binder
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Correspondence to Sylvia J. L’Hirondelle.

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Wolfgang D. Binder––Scientist Emeritus.

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L’Hirondelle, S.J., Simpson, D.G. & Binder, W.D. Chlorophyll fluorescence, root growth potential, and stomatal conductance as estimates of field performance potential in conifer seedlings. New Forests 34, 235–251 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-007-9051-x

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