Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Candida haemulonii Species Complex: A Mini-review

  • Review
  • Published:
Mycopathologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Candida haemulonii species complex (CHSC) are emerging multidrug-resistant yeast pathogens able to cause life-threatening human infections in at-risk populations for invasive candidiasis worldwide. A recent laboratory survey conducted in 12 medical centers found that prevalence rates of Candida haemulonii complex isolates rose from 0.9 to 1.7% along the period between 2008 and 2019. We present a mini-review addressing recent aspects of the epidemiology, diagnosis and therapy of infections due to CHSC.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Colombo AL, Júnior JNA, Guinea J. Emerging multidrug-resistant Candida species. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2017;30(6):528–38. https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0000000000000411.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Poissy J, Damonti L, Bignon A, Khanna N, Von Kietzell M, Boggian K, Neofytos D, Vuotto F, Coiteux V, Artru F, Zimmerli S, Pagani JL, Calandra T, Sendid B, Poulain D, van Delden C, Lamoth F, Marchetti O, Bochud PY. FUNGINOS; Allfun French study groups. Risk factors for candidemia: a prospective matched case-control study. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):109. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2766-1.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Lima SL, Francisco EC, de Almeida Júnior JN, Santos DWCL, Carlesse F, Queiroz-Telles F, Melo ASA, Colombo AL. Increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Candida haemulonii species complex among all yeast cultures collected by a reference laboratory over the past 11 years. J Fungi Basel. 2020;6(3):110. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6030110.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Yarrow D, Meyer SA. Proposal for amendment of the diagnosis of the genus Candida Berkhout nom. cons. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1978;28:611–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Van Uden Kolipinski MC. Torulopsis haemulonii nov. spec., a yeast from the Atlantic Ocean. Antonie Leeuwenhoek. 1962;28:78–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lavarde V, Daniel F, Saez H, Arnold M, Faguer B. Peritonite mycosique a Torulopsis haemulonii. Bull Soc Fr Mycol Med. 1984;13:173–6.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ben-Ami R, Berman J, Novikov A, Bash E, Shachor-Meyouhas Y, Zakin S, Maor Y, Tarabia J, Schechner V, Adler A, Finn T. Multidrug-resistant Candida haemulonii and C. auris, Tel Aviv, Isreal. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(1):195–203. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2302.161486.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Hou X, Xiao M, Chen SC, Wang H, Cheng JW, Chen XX, Xu ZP, Fan X, Kong F, Xu YC. Identification and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida haemulonii species complex clinical isolates from a multicenter study in China. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54(11):2676–80. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01492-16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Kumar A, Prakash A, Singh A, Kumar H, Hagen F, Meis JF, Chowdhary A. Candida haemulonii species complex: an emerging species in India and its genetic diversity assessed with multilocus sequence and amplified fragment-length polymorphism analyses. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2016;5(5):e49. https://doi.org/10.1038/emi.2016.49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ, Gibbs DL, Newell VA, Ellis D, Tullio V, Rodloff A, Fu W, Ling TA. Global antifungal surveillance group. Results from the ARTEMIS DISK global antifungal surveillance study, 1997 to 2007: a 10.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of Candida Species to fluconazole and voriconazole as determined by CLSI standardized disk diffusion. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48(4):1366–77. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02117-09.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Pérez-Lazo G, Morales-Moreno A, Soto-Febres F, Hidalgo JA, Neyra E, Bustamante B. Liver abscess caused by Candida haemulonii var. vulnera. First case report in Peru. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2021;38(3):138–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2020.12.001.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. de Almeida JN, Jr Assy JG, Levin AS, Del Negro GM, Giudice MC, Tringoni MP, Thomaz DY, Motta AL, Abdala E, Pierroti LC, Strabelli T, Munhoz AL, Rossi F, Benard G. Candida haemulonii complex species, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22:561–3. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2203.151610.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Fang SY, Wei KC, Chen WC, Lee SJ, Yang KC, Wu CS, Sun PL. Sun PL Primary deep cutaneous candidiasis caused by Candida duobushaemulonii in a 68-year-old man: the first case report and literature review. Mycoses. 2016;59:818–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12540.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen XF, Zhang H, Jia XM, Cao J, Li L, Hu XL, Li N, Xiao YL, Xia F, Ye LY, Hu QF, Wu XL, Ning LP, Hsueh PR, Fan X, Yu SY, Huang JJ, Xie XL, Yang WH, Li YX, Zhang G, Zhang JJ, Duan SM, Kang W, Wang T, Li J, Xiao M, Hou X, Xu YC. Antifungal susceptibility profiles and drug resistance mechanisms of clinical Candida duobushaemulonii isolates from China. Front Microbiol. 2022;5(13):1001845. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001845.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Boatto HF, Cavalcanti SD, Del Negro GM, Girão MJ, Francisco EC, Ishida K, Gompertz OF. Candida duobushaemulonii: an emerging rare pathogenic yeast isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2016;111(6):407–10. https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760160166.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Lehmann PF, Wu LC, Pruitt WR, Meyer SA, Ahearn DG. Unrelatedness of groups of yeasts within the Candida haemulonii complex. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31(7):1683–7. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.31.7.1683-1687.1993.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Cendejas-Bueno E, Kolecka A, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Theelen B, Groenewald M, Kostrzewa M, Cuenca-Estrella M, Gómez-López A, Boekhout T. Reclassification of the Candida haemulonii complex as Candida haemulonii (C. haemulonii group I), C. duobushaemulonii sp nov (C. haemulonii group II), and C. haemulonii var. vulnera var. nov.: three multiresistant human pathogenic yeasts. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50(11):3641–51. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02248-12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Sipiczki M, Tap RM. Candida vulturna pro tempore sp. nov., a dimorphic yeast species related to the Candida haemulonis species complex isolated from flowers and clinical sample. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2016;66(10):4009–15. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.001302.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Sugita T, Takashima M, Poonwan N, Mekha N. Candida pseudohaemulonii sp. nov., an amphotericin B-and azole-resistant yeast species, isolated from the blood of a patient from Thailand. Microbiol Immunol. 2006;50(6):469–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03816.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Satoh K, Makimura K, Hasumi Y, Nishiyama Y, Uchida K, Yamaguchi H. Candida auris sp. nov., a novel ascomycetous yeast isolated from the external ear canal of an inpatient in a Japanese hospital. Microbiol Immunol. 2009;53(1):41–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2008.00083.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. de Jong AW, Al-Obaid K, Tap RM, van den Ende BG, Groenewald M, Joseph L, Ahmad S, Hagen F. Candida khanbhai sp. nov., a new clinically relevant yeast within the Candida haemulonii species complex. Med Mycol. 2023;61(2):009. https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myad009.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Xiao M, Chen SC, Kong F, Xu XL, Yan L, Kong HS, Fan X, Hou X, Cheng JW, Zhou ML, Li Y, Yu SY, Huang JJ, Zhang G, Yang Y, Zhang JJ, Duan SM, Kang W, Wang H, Xu YC. Distribution and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species causing Candidemia in China: an update from the CHIF-NET study. J Infect Dis. 2020;221(Suppl 2):S139–47. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz573.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Ramos R, Caceres DH, Perez M, Garcia N, Castillo W, Santiago E, Borace J, Lockhart SR, Berkow EL, Hayer L, Espinosa-Bode A, Moreno J, Jackson BR, Moran J, Chiller T, de Villarreal G, Sosa N, Vallabhaneni S, Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiologica en Microbiologia Clinica. ; Emerging multidrug-resistant Candida duobushaemulonii infections in Panama hospitals: importance of laboratory surveillance and accurate identification. J Clin Microbiol. 2018;56(7):e00371-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00371-18.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Khan ZU, Al-Sweih NA, Ahmad S, Al-Kazemi N, Khan S, Joseph L, Chandy R. Outbreak of fungemia among neonates caused by Candida haemulonii resistant to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45:2025–7. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00222-07.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Chen X, Jia X, Bing J, Zhang H, Hong N, Liu Y, Xi H, Wang W, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Li L, Kang M, Xiao Y, Yang B, Lin Y, Xu H, Fan X, Huang J, Gong J, Xu J, Xie X, Yang W, Zhang G, Zhang J, Kang W, Wang H, Hou X, Xiao M, Xu Y. Clonal dissemination of antifungal-resistant Candida haemulonii. China Emerg Infect Dis. 2023;29(3):576–84. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2903.221082.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ramos LS, Figueiredo-Carvalho MH, Barbedo LS, Ziccardi M, Chaves AL, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Pinto MR, Sgarbi DB, Dornelas-Ribeiro M, Branquinha MH, Santos AL. Candida haemulonii complex: species identification and antifungal susceptibility profiles of clinical isolates from Brazil. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70:111–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dku321.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Coles M, Cox K, Chao A. Candida haemulonii: an emerging opportunistic pathogen in the United States? IDCases. 2020;21:e00900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00900.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Yuvaraj A, Rohit A, Koshy PJ, Nagarajan P, Nair S, Abraham G. Rare occurrence of fatal Candida haemulonii peritonitis in a diabetic CAPD patient. Ren Fail. 2014;36(9):1466–7. https://doi.org/10.3109/0886022X.2014.944067.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Awada B, Alam W, Chalfoun M, Araj G, Bizri AR. COVID-19 and Candida duobushaemulonii superinfection: a case report. J Mycol Med. 2021;31(3):101168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101168.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Candida haemulonii (van Uden & Kolipinski) S.A. Meyer & Yarrow (Yarrow and Meyer 1978). In: The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study, 5th ed., Vol. 3. Kurtzman CP, Fell JW, Boekhout T, eds. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 1103–1104

  31. Zurita J, Paz Y, Miño A, Solís MB, Sevillano G. Failed identification of Candida vulturna using the updated Vitek 2 yeast identification system, version 9.02 and CHROMagar Candida Plus. New Microbes New Infect. 2022;48:101012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101012.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Muthusamy A, Rao M, Chakrabarti A, Velayuthan RD. Case report: catheter related blood stream infection caused by Candida vulturna. Med Mycol Case Rep. 2022;16(36):27–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mmcr.2022.04.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Sasoni N, Maidana M, Latorre-Rapela MG, Morales-Lopez S, Berrio I, Gamarra S, Garcia-Effron G. Candida auris and some Candida parapsilosis strains exhibit similar characteristics on CHROMagarTM Candida plus. Med Mycol. 2022;60(10):062. https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myac062.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Marathe A, Zhu Y, Chaturvedi V, Chaturvedi S. Utility of CHROMagar™ Candida Plus for presumptive identification of Candida auris from surveillance samples. Mycopathologia. 2022;187(5–6):527–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-022-00656-3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Tamura T, Alshahni MM, Makimura K. Evaluation of CHROMagar™ Candida plus chromogenic agar for the presumptive identification of Candida auris. Microbiol Immunol. 2022;66(6):292–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.12973.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. de Jong AW, Dieleman C, Carbia M, Mohd Tap R, Hagen F. Performance of two novel chromogenic media for the identification of multidrug-resistant Candida auris compared with other commercially available formulations. J Clin Microbiol. 2021;59(4):e03220-e3320.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  37. Theill L, Dudiuk C, Morales-Lopez S, Berrio I, Rodríguez JY, Marin A, Gamarra S, Garcia-Effron G. Single-tube classical PCR for Candida auris and Candida haemulonii identification. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2018;35(2):110–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riam.2018.01.003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Grenfell RC, da Silva Junior AR, Del Negro GM, Munhoz RB, Gimenes VM, Assis DM, Rockstroh AC, Motta AL, Rossi F, Juliano L, Benard G, de Almeida Júnior JN. Identification of Candida haemulonii complex species: use of ClinProTools(TM) to overcome limitations of the Bruker Biotyper(TM), VITEK MS(TM) IVD, and VITEK MS(TM) RUO databases. Front Microbiol. 2016;16(7):940. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00940.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Oberoi JK, Wattal C, Goel N, Raveendran R, Datta S, Prasad K. Non-albicans Candida species in blood stream infections in a tertiary care hospital at New Delhi, India. Indian J Med Res. 2012;136:997–1003 (PMID: 23391796).

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. CLINICAL BREAKPOINTS CLSI (2022) Epidemiological cutoff values for antifungal susceptibility testing, 4th ed CLSI supplement M57S. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne.

  41. Gade L, Muñoz JF, Sheth M, Wagner D, Berkow EL, Forsberg K, Jackson BR, Ramos-Castro R, Escandón P, Dolande M, Ben-Ami R, Espinosa-Bode A, Caceres DH, Lockhart SR, Cuomo CA, Litvintseva AP. Understanding the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida: using whole-genome sequencing to describe the population structure of Candida haemulonii species complex. Front Genet. 2020;10(11):554. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00554.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Silva CM, Carvalho-Parahym AM, Macêdo DP, Lima-Neto RG, Francisco EC, Melo AS, da Conceição M, Silva M, Jucá MB, Mello LR, Amorim RM, Neves RP. Neonatal candidemia caused by Candida haemulonii: case report and review of literature. Mycopathologia. 2015;180(1–2):69–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-015-9872-7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Chen XF, Hou X, Zhang H, Jia XM, Ning LP, Cao W, Fan X, Huang JJ, Yang WH, Zhang G, Zhang JJ, Kang W, Xiao M, Xu YC. First two fungemia cases caused by Candida haemulonii var. vulnera in China with emerged antifungal resistance. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1036351. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1036351.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Xia FQ, Ye CY, Xie WW, Poont ND, Zhou YH. Successful fluconazole treatment of catheter-related candidemia caused by Candida haemulonii: report of 2 neonatal cases. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2018;116(5):e663–6. https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2018.eng.e663.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Kim S, Ko KS, Moon SY, Lee MS, Lee MY, Son JS. Catheter-related candidemia caused by Candida haemulonii in a patient in long-term hospital care. J Korean Med Sci. 2011;26(2):297–300. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2011.26.2.297.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Ramos LS, Oliveira SSC, Souto XM, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. Planktonic growth and biofilm formation profiles in Candida haemulonii species complex. Med Mycol. 2017;55(7):785–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myx005.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Ramos LS, Mello TP, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. Biofilm formed by Candida haemulonii species complex: structural analysis and extracellular matrix composition. J Fungi Basel. 2020;6(2):46. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6020046.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Lima SL, Rossato L, de Salles Azevedo Melo A. Evaluation of the potential virulence of Candida haemulonii species complex and Candida auris isolates in Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model and correlation to their biofilm production capacity. Microb Pathog. 2020;148:104461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104461.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Deng Y, Li S, Bing J, Liao W, Tao L. Phenotypic switching and filamentation in Candida haemulonii, an emerging opportunistic pathogen of humans. Microbiol Spectr. 2021;9(3):e0077921. https://doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.00779-21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Ramos LS, Oliveira SSC, Braga-Silva LA, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. Secreted aspartyl peptidases by the emerging, opportunistic and multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens comprising the Candida haemulonii complex. Fungal Biol. 2020;124(8):700–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2020.04.001.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Souto XM, Ramos LS, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. Identification of cell-associated and secreted serine-type peptidases in multidrug-resistant emergent pathogens belonging to the Candida haemulonii complex. Folia Microbiol Praha. 2019;64(2):245–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-018-0651-y.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Ramos LS, Figueiredo-Carvalho MHG, Silva LN, Siqueira NLM, Lima JC, Oliveira SS, Almeida-Paes R, Zancopé-Oliveira RM, Azevedo FS, Ferreira ALP, Branquinha MH, Santos ALS. The threat called Candida haemulonii species complex in rio de Janeiro State, Brazil: focus on antifungal resistance and virulence attributes. J Fungi Basel. 2022;8(6):574. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060574.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Kathuria S, Singh PK, Sharma C, Prakash A, Masih A, Kumar A, Meis JF, Chowdhary A. Multidrug-resistant Candida auris misidentified as Candida haemulonii: Characterization by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and DNA sequencing and its antifungal susceptibility profile variability by Vitek 2, CLSI broth microdilution, and Etest method. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53(6):1823–30. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00367-15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  54. Li MC, Tang HJ, Wu CJ, Wang SW, Su SL, Liu WL, Ko WC, Chen YC. Species identification and antifungal susceptibility of uncommon blood yeast isolates. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2022;55(1):130–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2021.01.009.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Shin JH, Kim MN, Jang SJ, Ju MY, Kim SH, Shin MG, Suh SP, Ryang DW. Detection of amphotericin B resistance in Candida haemulonii and closely related species by use of the Etest, Vitek-2 yeast susceptibility system, and CLSI and EUCAST broth microdilution methods. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50(6):1852–5. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.06440-11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Rodrigues DKB, Bonfietti LX, Garcia RA, Araujo MR, Rodrigues JS, Gimenes VMF, Melhem MSC. Antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida clinical isolates from 22 hospitals of São Paulo state, Brazil. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2021;54(9):e10928. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X2020e10928.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  57. Muro MD, Motta Fde A, Burger M, et al. Echinocandin resistance in two Candida haemulonii isolates from pediatric patients. J Clin Microbiol. 2012;50:3783–5. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01136-12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Ruan SY, Kuo YW, Huang CT, Hsiue HC, Hsueh PR. Infections due to Candida haemulonii: species identification, antifungal susceptibility and outcomes. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010;35(1):85–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.08.009.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Frías-De-León MG, Martínez-Herrera E, Acosta-Altamirano G, Arenas R, Rodríguez-Cerdeira C. Superficial candidosis by Candida duobushaemulonii: an emerging microorganism. Infect Genet Evol. 2019;75:103960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103960.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Aslani N, Shokohi T, Ataollahi MR, Ansari S, Gholampour Y, Khani Jeihooni A, Afsarian MH. In vitro activity of four triazole antifungal drugs against clinically common and uncommon yeast species. Curr Med Mycol. 2019;5(4):14–9. https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.5.4.1949.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Crouzet J, Sotto A, Picard E, Lachaud L, Bourgeois N. A case of Candida haemulonii osteitis: clinical features, biochemical characteristics, and antifungal resistance profile. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011;17(7):1068–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03471.x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Almeida JN Jr, Motta AL, Rossi F, Abdala E, Pierrotti LC, Kono AS, Diz Mdel P, Benard G, Del Negro GM. First report of a clinical isolate of Candida haemulonii in Brazil. Clin Sao Paulo. 2012;67(10):1229–31. https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2012(10)18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Chen J, Hu N, Xu H, Liu Q, Yu X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Tan J, Huang X, Zeng L. Molecular epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility, and virulence evaluation of candida isolates causing invasive infection in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021;15(11):721439. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.721439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Melhem MS, Bertoletti A, Lucca HR, Silva RB, Meneghin FA, Szeszs MW. Use of the VITEK 2 system to identify and test the antifungal susceptibility of clinically relevant yeast species. Braz J Microbiol. 2014;44(4):1257–66. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822014005000018.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Desnos-Ollivier M, Lortholary O, Bretagne S, Dromer F. Azole susceptibility profiles of more than 9,000 clinical yeast isolates belonging to 40 common and rare species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021;65(6):e02615-e2620. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02615-20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was partially supported by a grant received from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo—FAPESP (Project numbers 2017/02203–7; 2019/24960–0).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, 04039-032, Brazil

    Elaine Cristina Francisco & Arnaldo Lopes Colombo

  2. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Elaine Cristina Francisco & Auke Wiebren de Jong

  3. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Auke Wiebren de Jong

  4. Division of Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Pedro de Toledo, 669 5° Andar, São Paulo, CEP, 04039-032, Brazil

    Arnaldo Lopes Colombo

Authors
  1. Elaine Cristina Francisco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Auke Wiebren de Jong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Arnaldo Lopes Colombo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by E.C.F. The first draft of the manuscript was written by E.C.F. and A.L.C. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arnaldo Lopes Colombo.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

ALC has received educational grants from Eurofarma, Biotoscana-Knight, United Medical-Knight, Gilead, and Pfizer. The other authors report no conflicts of interest that may be relevant to this article.

Additional information

Handling Editor: Nancy Wengenack.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Francisco, E.C., de Jong, A.W. & Colombo, A.L. Candida haemulonii Species Complex: A Mini-review. Mycopathologia 188, 909–917 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-023-00748-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-023-00748-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation