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Myricetin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles induces apoptosis in the HT-29 colorectal cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction

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Abstract

Background

Among the flavonoids, Myricetin (MCN) has negligible side effects and anti-cancer properties. However, the therapeutic potential of MCN has been limited mainly by its low bioavailability. Nanocarriers improve the bioavailability and stability of flavonoids. The toxic effects of MCN loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (MCN-SLNs) on the HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells were investigated in this study.

Methods and results

HT-29 cells were exposed to the 30 µmol MCN or MCN-SLNs for 24 h. Colony formation, cell viability, apoptosis, and expression of the Bax, Bcl-2, and AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor) have been investigated. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were also measured. The MCN-SLNs with appropriate characteristics and a slow sustained MCN release until 48 h made. MCN-SLNs could diminish colony numbers and survival of the HT-29 cells. The apoptosis index of MCN-SLNs-treated cells significantly increased compared to the free MCN (p < 0.001). The expression of Bax and AIF were elevated (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively) while Bcl-2 expression was decreased in MCN-SLNs treatment (p < 0.05). Moreover, MCN-SLNs significantly enhanced the ROS formation and reduced MMP compared to the free MCN-treated cells (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

The SLN formulation of MCN can effectively induce colon cancer cell death by raising ROS formation and activating the apoptosis process.

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Data availability

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available in the supplemental file.

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Acknowledgements

This work has received a Grant from the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences of Iran. We thank our colleagues from the Cellular and Molecular Research Center.

Funding

This work has received a Grant from the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences of Iran (No: CMRC-9640).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Hadis Alidadi

  2. Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Hadis Alidadi

  3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Atefeh Ashtari & Layasadat Khorsandi

  4. Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Atefeh Ashtari & Layasadat Khorsandi

  5. Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Ahvaz, Iran

    Azin Samimi

  6. School of Pharmacy, Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Masoud Ali Karami

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  1. Hadis Alidadi
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Contributions

LK: supervised the study, statistical data analysis, and critical reviewing of the manuscript. HA: performed sampling, collection of data, experiments, and data analysis. AA: designing the study, searching the literature, and manuscript preparation. AS: performed sampling. MAK: designing the study and manuscript editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Layasadat Khorsandi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was performed based on ethical principles approved by the Ethics Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran (No: IR.AJUMS.REC.1396.1120).

Consent to participate

In this study, we used human cell lines. Thus, there is not any consent to participate in this research study.

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In this study, we used human cell lines. Thus, there is not any consent for publication.

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Alidadi, H., Ashtari, A., Samimi, A. et al. Myricetin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles induces apoptosis in the HT-29 colorectal cancer cells via mitochondrial dysfunction. Mol Biol Rep 49, 8537–8545 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07683-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07683-9

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