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Increased drought tolerance and wider adaptability of qDTY 12.1 conferred by its interaction with qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 3.2

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Abstract

The genetic basis of high grain yield under reproductive-stage drought was studied using an F3-derived population generated from the cross of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars Vandana and Way Rarem. Contributed by the susceptible parent Way Rarem, locus qDTY 12.1 was hypothesized to have interaction with loci from the Vandana genome to enhance the grain yield of tolerant line Vandana under drought. A test of the digenic interaction of qDTY 12.1 showed that two loci, qDTY 2.3 on chromosome 2 and qDTY 3.2 on chromosome 3, significantly increased the yield and harvest index of qDTY 12.1 -positive lines under severe upland and lowland drought conditions. qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 3.2 , in interaction with qDTY 12.1 , reduced days to flowering and plant height of qDTY 12.1 -positive lines under stress and non-stress conditions in upland. BC2F3-derived backcross inbred lines (BILs) were used to validate these results and identify new quantitative trait loci. Lines with qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 12.1 showed increased yield over Way Rarem under severe and moderate stress conditions, in upland. IR84996-50-4-B-4, a selection from one of the BILs, yielded more than the popular drought-tolerant cultivars Apo, UPLRi7, and IR74371-54-1-1 under severe stress conditions. Introgressed segments from Vandana also improved yield under non-stress conditions. The results indicate that digenic interactions can explain the genetic control of complex quantitative traits such as grain yield under drought, and a few interacting loci with large effects on grain yield or yield-related traits may enhance drought response across a wide range of genetic backgrounds and environments when introgressed together.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Generation Challenge Program and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for providing financial support for this study. The authors acknowledge the technical support received from Marilyn Del Valle, Lenie Quiatchon, Jocelyn Guevarra, and Paul Maturan in the completion of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines

    Shalabh Dixit, B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy, Prashant Vikram, Jerome Bernier, M. T. Sta Cruz, Modesto Amante & Arvind Kumar

  2. Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar, India

    Shalabh Dixit & Dinesh Atri

  3. Monsanto, 37437 State Highway 16, Woodland, CA, USA

    Jerome Bernier

Authors
  1. Shalabh Dixit
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  2. B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy
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  3. Prashant Vikram
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  4. Jerome Bernier
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  5. M. T. Sta Cruz
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  6. Modesto Amante
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  7. Dinesh Atri
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  8. Arvind Kumar
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arvind Kumar.

Electronic supplementary material

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11032_2012_9760_MOESM1_ESM.tif

Figure S1 Interaction of qDTY 12.1 with qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 3.2 for GY under drought. A: With only additive effect, AE: With additive × environment interaction effect, A + AE: With both A and AE, No A: With no additive-related effect, I: With only epistatic main effect, IE: With only epistatic × environmental interaction effect, I + IE: With both I and IE (TIF 110 kb)

11032_2012_9760_MOESM2_ESM.tif

Figure S2 Graphical genotype of selected BC 2 F 3:7 Way Rarem BILs showing percentage of Vandana and Way Rarem alleles across the genome. 1 IR84996-4-1-B-1, 2 IR84996-50-1-B-1, 3 IR84996-50-1-B-4, 4 IR84996-50-6-B-4, 5 IR84996-72-6-B-5 (TIF 366 kb)

11032_2012_9760_MOESM3_ESM.docx

Table S1 Experimental details including parentage, stress ecosystems, population size, experimental design, means of grain yield, days to 50 % flowering, plant height, biomass, harvest index, and percentage yield reduction in stress trials compared with non-stress conditions (DOCX 23 kb)

11032_2012_9760_MOESM4_ESM.docx

Table S2 Effect of QTL classes of qDTY 12.1 -qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 12.1 -qDTY 3.2 on grain yield and yield-contributing traits under lowland severe-stress (LSS), lowland moderate-stress (LMS), and lowland mild-stress (LMiS) conditions (DOCX 24 kb)

11032_2012_9760_MOESM5_ESM.docx

Table S3 QTL for grain yield and yield-contributing traits detected in the reciprocal BIL population under upland severe-stress (USS), upland moderate-stress (UMS), and upland non-stress (UNS) conditions (DOCX 23 kb)

11032_2012_9760_MOESM6_ESM.docx

Table S4 (a) Mean grain yield, morphological features, and grain type of selected BILs compared to Vandana, Way Rarem, and popular checks. (b) Performance of parental BC2F3 bulks of five individual introgression lines under varying severities of drought stress (DOCX 24 kb)

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Dixit, S., Mallikarjuna Swamy, B.P., Vikram, P. et al. Increased drought tolerance and wider adaptability of qDTY 12.1 conferred by its interaction with qDTY 2.3 and qDTY 3.2 . Mol Breeding 30, 1767–1779 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-012-9760-5

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