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Antidiabetic potential of thiazolidinedione derivatives with efficient design, molecular docking, structural activity relationship, and biological activity: an update review (2021–2023)

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Abstract

Thiazolidinedione has been used successfully by medicinal chemists all over the world in the development of potent antidiabetic derivatives. The few compounds with excellent antidiabetic potency that we have identified in this review could be used as a lead for further research into additional antidiabetic mechanisms. The information provided in this review regarding the design, biological activity, structure–activity relationships, and docking studies may be useful for scientists who wish to further explore this scaffold in order to fully utilize its biological potential and develop antidiabetic agents that would overcome the limitations of currently available medications for the treatment of diabetes. This review outlines the antidiabetic potential of Thiazolidinedione-based derivatives that have been published in the year 2021- till date.

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Abbreviations

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

ALT:

Alanine Transaminase

AST:

Aspartate Transaminase

ADMET:

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity

ALR:

Aldose reductase

DPP-4:

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4

D.B:

Direct Bilirubin

DEN:

Diethylnitrosamine

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

GSH:

Glutathione

GA-MLR:

Genetic Algorithm Multiple Linear Regression

HSA:

Human Serum albumin

IC50:

Half-maximal inhibitory concentration

IR:

Infrared Spectroscopy

I.D.B:

Indirect Bilirubin

LDL:

Low density lipoproteins

LFT:

Liver Function test

LDH:

Lactate Dehydrogenase

MM-GBSA:

Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born Surface area

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NMR:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

OGTT:

Oral Glucose tolerance test

PPAR-γ :

Peroxisome proliferator Activated receptors

PTP-1B:

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B

PDB:

Protein Database

QSAR:

Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship

RSG:

Rosiglitazone

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

STZ:

Streptozocin

STZ-NA:

Streptozotocin-nicotinamide

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TZD:

Thiazolidinedione

TG:

Triglycerides

TR-FRET:

Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer

T.B.:

Total Bilirubin

Z5-2 T:

(Z)-5(pyridine-2-ylmethylene)-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Guru Nanak Dev University for providing them the basic facilities to do this work. NK acknowledges funds from ICMR-BMI (BMI/11(04)/2022) for completing this work.

Funding

Nitish Kumar,ICMR-BMI (BMI/11(04)/2022)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India

    Anchal Sharma, Nitish Kumar, Harmandeep Kaur Gulati, Rupali Rana,  Jyoti, Aanchal Khanna,  Muskan, Jatinder Vir Singh & Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi

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  1. Anchal Sharma
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Contributions

AS contributed toward conceptualization, roles/writing—original draft, data curation, and writing—review & editing; NK contributed toward investigation, validation, funding acquisition, formal analysis, and writing—review & editing; HKG, RR, AK, J, and MD contributed toward writing—review & editing; JVS and PSB contributed toward project administration, formal analysis, and Supervision.

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Correspondence to Anchal Sharma or Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi.

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Sharma, A., Kumar, N., Gulati, H.K. et al. Antidiabetic potential of thiazolidinedione derivatives with efficient design, molecular docking, structural activity relationship, and biological activity: an update review (2021–2023). Mol Divers (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11030-023-10793-6

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