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Targeting inflammation: a potential approach for the treatment of depression

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Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) or Depression is one of the serious neuropsychiatric disorders affecting over 280 million people worldwide. It is 4th important cause of disability, poor quality of life, and economic burden. Women are more affected with the depression as compared to men and severe depression can lead to suicide. Most of the antidepressants predominantly work through the modulation on the availability of monoaminergic neurotransmitter (NTs) levels in the synapse. Current antidepressants have limited efficacy and tolerability. Moreover, treatment resistant depression (TRD) is one of the main causes for failure of standard marketed antidepressants. Recently, inflammation has also emerged as a crucial factor in pathological progression of depression. Proinflammatory cytokine levels are increased in depressive patients. Antidepressant treatment may attenuate depression via modulation of pathways of inflammation, transformation in structure of brain, and synaptic plasticity. Hence, targeting inflammation may be emerged as an effective approach for the treatment of depression. The present review article will focus on the preclinical and clinical studies that targets inflammation. In addition, it also concentrates on the therapeutic approaches’ that targets depression via influence on the inflammatory signaling pathways.

Graphical abstract

Graphical abstract demonstrate the role of various factors in the progression and neuroinflammation, oxidative stress. It also exhibits the association of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress with depression.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Maharashtra, 411038, Pune, India

    Shvetank Bhatt

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Mumbai Agra Highway, Maharashtra, 424001, Dhule, India

    Thangaraj Devadoss

  3. Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, 201310, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Niraj Kumar Jha

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 700109, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Moushumi Baidya

  5. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharat Pharmaceutical Technology, 799130, Agartala, West Tripura, India

    Moushumi Baidya

  6. School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  7. Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  8. Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, 248007, Dehradun, India

    Gaurav Gupta

  9. Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Dinesh Kumar Chellappan

  10. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Sachin Kumar Singh

  11. Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary & Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, 2007, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

    Sachin Kumar Singh & Kamal Dua

  12. Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, 2007, Ultimo, NSW, Australia

    Kamal Dua

Authors
  1. Shvetank Bhatt
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  2. Thangaraj Devadoss
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  3. Niraj Kumar Jha
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  4. Moushumi Baidya
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  5. Gaurav Gupta
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  6. Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
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  7. Sachin Kumar Singh
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  8. Kamal Dua
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Contributions

Shvetank Bhatt: Idea and preparation of manuscript.

Thangaraj Devadoss: Preparation of Chemistry part of the manuscript.

Niraj Kumar Jha: Figure preparation.

Moushumi Baidya: Literature review.

Gaurav Gupta: Literature Review.

Dinesh Kumar Chellappan: Editing and compilation.

Sachin Kumar Singh: Graphical Abstract preparation.

Kamal Dua: Idea and Editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shvetank Bhatt.

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Bhatt, S., Devadoss, T., Jha, N.K. et al. Targeting inflammation: a potential approach for the treatment of depression. Metab Brain Dis 38, 45–59 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-022-01095-1

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